Difference between revisions of "2009 MM Culture in the New South Africa"

Revision as of 15:33, 22 April 2009

Glossary South Africa

A

• ANC - African National Congress, founded in 1912, up until 1994 this party supported and promoted the liberation movement. Most famous member: Nelson Mandela, since 1994 it has been the governing party; it is expected that the ANC will win the upcoming elections again

• Apartheid - the recognition and separation of separate groups of people (National Party); separateness

B

• Bantustans

• Botha , Pieter Willem (1916-2006. Nickname: "The Great Crocodile". Long time leader of the National Party and prime minister of South Africa from 1978 to 1984 and the first executive state president from 1984 to 1989.

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• "Drum" - magazine and groups of cultural producers

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• Films:
  • Tsotsi (2005)

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I

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• "Madiba" - nickname for Mandela

• Mandela - . Served 27 years in prison on Robben Island for being an Anti-Apartheid Activist. Was the first President of South Africa to be elected in a fully democratic election.

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O

P

• PAC - Pan Africanist Congress. South African liberation Movement. The PAC acts upon the three principles of nationalism, socialism and unity.

• Pass Laws

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• Sharpeville Massacre - 21st March1960: In the township of Sharpeville theSouth African police began shooting on a crowd of black protesters. The group was protesting against the governments Pass Laws.

• Smuts, Jan Christiaan (1870-1950). Served as Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa from 1919-1924 and from 1939-1948. Advocated the segregation of races.

• Sophiatown - Black area of settlement and cultural production that was destroyed for resettlement schemes

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U

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• Verwoerd , Hendrik - Born 1902 in the Netherlands. Was Prime Minister of South Africa from 1958 until his assassination in 1966.

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• Xhosa

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Timeline South Africa

• Timelines of South African History from SAHO.

• c.1000 B.C.-200 A.D.: Khoisan settle in the region
• 300-1000 A.D.: Bantu-speaking people settle in the area

• 1478: Portuguese Bartholemeu Dias arrives at Mossel Bay
• 1652: Jan van Riebeeck arrives with 90 men in service of the Dutch East India Company and establishes a refreshment station at the Cape of Good Hope for the Eastern trade
• 1652-1795: Dutch (later called Boers or Afrikaners) conquer the Khoisan, slaves are imported from Indonesia, India, Ceylon, Madagascar and Mosambique
• by 1662, a colony had developed and immigration was encouraged from the 1700s onwards; "trekboers" move north and east; Khoisan pushed into service for the colonists; conflicts with Xhosa-speaking people in the east
• Dutch, German and French Huguenot colonists gradually begin to from an Afrikaner identity
• British take over the Cape from the Dutch in 1795, return it sven years later, and regain control in 1806
• Cape frontier wars: British-Xhosa conflicts
• Missionary activity
• "The Great Trek"
• Formation of the Orange Free State and South African Republic (Transvaal or ZAR - Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek)
• Moshoeshoe's Basotholand (today's Lesotho)

• May 1948: Apartheid government in power

• 1950: Group Areas Act: forced removal of people from settlement areas into Bantustans

• April 1960: ANC, PAC (Pan-Africanist Congress) and Communist Party banned; Sharpeville Massacre, State of Emergency

• 1963 censorship (Publications Control Board)

• International Sanctions

• April 1994: first democratic elections

• 1996-1998: Truth and Reconciliation Commission hearings

• 1997: Thabo Mbeki launches African Renaissance concept

• 1999: Mbeki elected President afer Mandela retires