Difference between revisions of "Collected terminology from class (Aufbaumodule)"

Latest revision as of 21:06, 17 June 2010

The following terms were collected during "Aufbaumodule" and may be helpful to you in the framework of English didactics. Please feel free to add any terms or definitions you may find and/or links to helpful websites. Please always state your sources!

Abitur = Abitur, secondary school qualification

Arbeitslehre = pre-vocational studies

Aufgabe = task

Aufsatz = composition, essay

außerschulisch = extracurricular

• Used when referring to out-of-school activities such as sports or clubs.

(Prinzip der) Authentizität = authenticity

• (see: Defining Authenticity)

Bastelanleitung = handicraft instructions

basteln = to do handicrafts, to tinker

Berufsschule = Berufsschule, vocational school at upper secondary level

bewusstlos, unbewusst = unconscious

Bilder verstehen = visual literacy

Bildung = education, formal education

Bildungsgang = course of education

Bildungsstandards = educational standards

Bildungssystem = educational system

Bilingualer Unterricht = bilingual teaching

Curriculum = curriculum

DESI Studie (Deutsch-Englisch-Schülerleistungen-International) = DESI study (Assessment of Student Achievements in German and English as a Foreign Language)

Didaktische Reserve = alternative plan

Didaktisierung = didactization

Doktorant = doctoral candidate

einschätzen = estimate, evaluate

Einsprachig = monolingual

Erwartungshorizont = model answers; level of expectation

Erzähltext = narrative text; fictional text

Erzieher = youth or child care worker

Erziehung = upbringing, education, training

Eselsbrücke = mnemonic aid

Europäischer Referenzrahmen = Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR)

• See www.coe.int for online information.

fächerübergreifend = interdisciplinary

Fachhochschule = university of applied sciences

Feinziele = specific objectives

Floskel = set phrase

Fragenkatalog = list of standards

Frontalunterricht = teacher-centered instruction, frontal instruction

(Prinzip der) funktionalen Einsprachigkeit = functional code-switching

(Prinzip der) funktionalen Fehlertoleranz = tolerance toward errors

Ganztagschule = all-day schools

Grobziele = aims (long-term goals), general objectives

Grundkurs = basic course

Gruppenpuzzle = jigsaw method

• See as example

Handlungsorientiert = task-based

Handlungsorientierung = task-based learning

Hochbegabte Schüler = talented and gifted students/pupils

Interlanguage/Lernersprache = interlanguage

Impulse geben = to give an impetus to

Inhaltliches Curriculum = content-based syllabus

Interkultureller Handlungskompetenz = intercultural competence (for action)

Kerncurriculum = core curriculum

• Niedersächsischer Bildungsserver: Curriculare Vorgaben

• An example of a core curriculum in the US: Iowa Core Curriculum. (Look under literacy and grade span on left tab.)

Klappentext = blurb

Kommunikatives Handeln = communicative action

Kommunikative Grammatik = communicative grammar

Kontextualisierung = contextualization

Contextualization is the process of assigning meaning, either linguistic or as a means of interpreting the environment within which an expression or action is executed.

In Sociolinguistics contextualization comprises all activities by participants which make relevant, maintain, revise, cancel, etc. any aspect of context which, in turn, is responsible for the interpretation of an utterance in its particular locus of occurrence. Such aspects might be the speech genre, the speech act, mood, topic, roles, social relationships, etc.

In the classroom contextualization means the contextual embedment of a speech act by the use of realia, pictures, headlines, etc. Thematic focal points that the students can relate to (e.g. Carol’s spare time) create the context in which a speech act can be recognized as an attempt to communicate (e.g. talking about free time).

Sources:

• Peter Auer. Introduction: John Gumperz’ Approach to Contextualization
• Gehring, Wolfgang. Englische Fachdidaktik. Eine Einführung. Berlin, 2004.

Kooperatives Lernen = cooperative learning

• See: Cooperative Learning and the Second Language Classroom by Allison Chafe

Kreuzworträtsel = crossword puzzle

kulturelle Sachinformation = factual cultural information

Kultusministerium = The Ministries of Education and Cultural Affairs

Kultusministerkonferenz = The Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs

• See the online website in German or in English.

Lautschrift = phonetic transcription

Lebenssituation (der Schüler) = life situation, life event (of the students/pupils)

Lebenswelt = lifestyle

Lehrbuch = textbook, schoolbook

Lehrwerk = teaching material

Leistungsbereitschaft = willingness to perform; motivation

Leistungsbeurteilung = assessment of performance, performance evaluation

Leistungsschwache Schüler = less able students/pupils, students/pupils performing below grade level

Leistungserwartungen = performance expectations, learning outcomes

Learning outcomes are statements that describe what a learner will be able to do as a result of learning and teaching. “Learning outcomes are, in a way, a tool to describe and define a learning and assessment process and its product […] From the students’ perspective, the outcome approach communicates what they are expected to be able to do and the criteria that will be used to access them. This means that the description of the learning process has shifted from input to output.” (Gallavara et al 2008:12)

Leistungskurs = intensified course

Leitmedien = leading media, most used media, most important media

Lernaufgabe = learning task

Lernerorientierung = learner-centeredness

Learner-centeredness is an influential concept strongly connected to Communicative Language Teaching. It places the student at the centre of education, in a way that they are involved in decisions on content selection (curriculum), methodology, and evaluation. Additionally, it moves the teacher from the source of knowledge to the status of a facilitator or manager of learning situations.

Learners should be sensitized to their own learning processes so that they can develop their own appropriate strategies. Goals and content of tasks should be made comprehensible, thus enabling the learners to make their own informed choices about what they want to learn and how they want to learn.

This creates a freedom which should ultimately provide the basis for learning throughout life and for including the individual’s context. Greater autonomy and control for the learner seem to be key terms.

The concept of learner-centeredness also stresses that the learning outcome is influenced by the perceptions of the learner. Students often have a different view on tasks than the teacher does. This should be taken into consideration.

It is also important to point out that learner-centeredness is not seen as an "all-or-nothing" concept, but is supposed to be a continuum that moves from "less- to more learner-centered".

Übungstypen:

• Creativity: Übungen, die Schüler zu kreativem, schöpferischem Sprachhandeln herausfordern
• Autonomy: Übungen, die selbständiges Handeln in die Wege leiten
• Exploration: Übungen, die forschendes Lernen beinhalten
• Insight: Übungen die helfen, Inhalte zu erschließen und eigene Vorstellungen zu einem Thema zu entwickeln

Sources:

• David Hall, Ann Hewings, 2001 – Innovation in English Language Teaching: A Reader
• David Nunan, 2004 – Task-based Language Teaching: a comprehensively revised edition of designing tasks for the communicative classroom
• David Nunan, The learner-centered curriculum, 1988, Cambridge Applied Linguistic
• [http://tojde.anadolu.edu.tr/tojde4/pulisttxt.html Learner-Centredness:

An Issue of Institutional Policy in the context of Distance Education]

• Weskamp, Ralf. "Fachdidaktik: Grundlagen & Konzepte" Berlin: Cornelsen, 2001
• Deller, Sheelagh. "Lessons from the Learner" Canterbury: Longman 1990

Lernersprache/Interlanguage = interlanguage

Lernpsychologie = the psychology of learning

Lernziel = (learning) objective

Nachhilfe = private lessons

Noten = grades (Amer. Eng.), marks (Br. Eng.)

Orientierungsstufe = orientation stage

Pantomime = pantomime

Prüfungsordnung = examination regulations

Rahmenbedingungen = framework

Realia = realia

Redemittel = modes of expression

ReferendarIn = student teacher

Reifungsprozesse = maturation processes

Rezension = review

roter Faden = thread, central theme

Sachanalyse = analysis of subject matter

Sachinformation = factual information

Sachtext = factual text; non-fictional text

Schauwand = display wall

Schnipsel = snippet

Schulkonferenz = school council

Schulordnung = school regulations

Schulpraktikum = student teaching, teacher training, teaching internship

Schulträger = school maintaining body

sensibilisieren = to sensitize

Sitten und Gebräuche = manners and customs

Sonderpädagogischer Förderbedarf = special education needs

Sonderschule = special school

Sonderschullehrer = special education teacher

Sozialform = social form

Sprachbewusstheit = language awareness

„Language awareness is about raising awareness of grammar already possessed, and consciousness raising is about raising awareness of grammar yet to be acquired.” (Sharwood Smith 1997: 31)

Sprachbewusstsein = consciousness raising

„Language awareness is about raising awareness of grammar already possessed, and consciousness raising is about raising awareness of grammar yet to be acquired.” (Sharwood Smith 1997: 31)

Sprachkenntnisse = knowledge of a language, (foreign) language proficiency

Sprachkompetenz = language competence, fluency

Staatsprüfung = state examination

Standards = standards

Standbild = frozen picture, freeze frame

Stationenlernen = learning stations

Studienordnung = study regulations

Suchworträtsel = word search

Tafelbild = blackboard drawing/chart

Texterschließungsverfahren = text comprehension techniques

Traditionelle Grammatik = traditional grammar

Übung = exercise

unbewusst, bewusstlos = unconscious

unterbewusst = subconscious

Unterrichtseinheit = teaching unit

Unterrichtsentwurf = lesson plan

Unterrichtsgestaltung = classroom design/structure

Verfilmung = film adaptation, film version

Vokabeln (pl.) = vocabulary (no pl. ending!)

Volkshochschule = adult education establishment

Voraussetzung = prerequisite, requirement, qualification, precondition

Wissensbestände = knowledge banks

Wissensknoten = bundles of knowledge

Zusammenhängendes Sprechen = topic-based talk