Angl-Am - User contributions [en]

Lecture BM1, Summer 2009: Round up

2009-06-23T06:13:44Z

Conni:

[[User:Sabine Gebken|Sabine Gebken]] writes:

I hope I am not too late to ask some questions for tomorrow’s session. There are four questions that came to my mind while I summed up the lecture.

The first question concerns the eighth lecture on Drama 1: ''Shakespeare''. On the last slide is said: “Be aware of the problematic aspects in the construction of the Elizabethan period”. I couldn’t remember to have heard anything of problems like that. So what are these problems like?
*(Maybe not all of these points were made explicitly in the original lecture, but:) Many of the received characteristics associated with the period were only put into connection with it much later, and they are part of a larger story told in retrospect, they do not necessarily reflect the perspective of the time (e.g. the Elizabethan world picture is a retrospective construction; the influence of the queen on her age may have been overestimated; Shakespeare was not seen as a central author of the time, but as a successful writer for the theatre.) [[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 11:35, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

The second question is on the second part of the drama topic. There is a slide that carries the headline “'''Contextualising the Country Wife'''”. The first four points repeat the development of theatre and the fifth says that the “Country Wife” responds to that position. For me it was not clear to what point of the development the “Country Wife” responds. And at least I did not really get how this “crazy” comedy responds to the conservative positions.

*If you want, it is a typical "Restoration Comedy" - fitting into the political context of the new court life Charles II established in London after his return in 1660. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 11:25, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

The next question concerns the same lecture and the slide with the title “The Early 18th century audience”. There is one point that says that there sat “'''Orange Wenches'''” in the audience. I couldn’t find anywhere what “Orange Wenches” are.

*Prostitution involved prostitutes ("strumpets", "whores"...) and "bawds", women who offered their services to lead you to prostitutes. Wench is (antiquated) derogatory for woman, "orange wench" a contemporary term referring to the women of whom you saw two on Hogarth's picture. They went through the theatre, sold fruits and asked young gallants whether they needed further services, contacts to prostitutes they could procure. If you stumble over such a word you have to check the OED (http://dictionary.oed.com/), accessible among the services the university offers. -[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 11:25, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

And my last question is again on the same lecture where is said that the 19th century sensational Naturalism had a tendency towards cinematic realism. This statement really confused me! I couldn’t get the connection between Naturalism. I understand the connection between '''Naturalism''' and Realism but what has it to do with '''cinema'''?

*They staged spectacular things like the accidents on board of a passenger ship on stage. You'd rather do that on screen in a movie, than on a stage. You can step from these performances into the age of movies. Theatre went a different way in the 1920s looking for what you would rather do on a stage than in a movie. - [[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 11:25, 16 June 2009 (UTC)
----
[[User:Daniel Sip|Daniel Sip]] added the following:

Could you recapitulate the Approaches of '''Structuralism and Post Structuralism'''?

*refer to the handout and the lecture and try to ask your question more specifically.

Is '''Formalism''' an author-orientated approach or context-orientated?!

* Typical formalist analysis has dealt with fairy tales and the different constellations and stages such a tale can involve (father bequeaths his heritage to three sons, the last one gets least but manages to do most with his gifts. The individual situations and tests reoccur in numerous variations in several fairy tales. Formalists schematised and labelled the different stages and options to analyse and describe. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 11:25, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

* it is neither; those who distinguish approaches by such categories would call it "text-oriented". --[[User:Anton Kirchhofer|Anton Kirchhofer]] 11:25, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

On the "History of Literature" session: Why did [[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] show us 18th century '''Literary Journals''' - was it just to show that such journals are different today?

*it was to show (1) that the things that were considered as literature are quite different from those that "we" consider as literature", and (2) that nevertheless, there is a long tradition in discussing literature (whatever it happened to be) --[[User:Anton Kirchhofer|Anton Kirchhofer]] 11:25, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

One of the slides read: "The International market of the '''belles lettres''' with fiction being part of the production of histories has been deconceptualized" What is meant with that and why did this "'''deconceptualisation'''" happen?

*There was a big market of belles lettres, elegant publications, histories were seen as part of that market (if elegant and written in modern languages). Fiction again was seen as part of the market of histories. Our 20th/21st-century vocabulary does not allow us to speak of texts in these contexts. We have "de-conceptualised" the words. Literature is a new context we have built and we tend to consider that this context always existed, i.e. that we always had national literatures consisting of play, fiction and poetry.

What is the difference between the "'''Belles Lettres'''", "'''Fiction'''" and "'''Literature'''"? How can I prove that the a text is part of the "Belles Lettres" or "Literature". What is meant with the statement that there is but one global concept of the "Belles Lettres"?

*One and the same text can be put into all three categories. Question is: when do you use which of these categories. If you want to discuss a novel you will speak about its literary merits, not about its ''belletristic'' merits. We speak of different national literatures if we want to speak of different national traditions. The belles lettres are seen as a single market of international entertaining texts, there is not even a plural to speak of English versus French belles lettres (as we do with the "literatures" Britain and France).

On "The early modern novel": The conflict between '''novels and romances''' - does it just mean that the English novel was a reaction on the French romance? The presentation seemed to prove that such a view is problematic...

*There are two rises of the novel, an 17th century rise and one constructed by Ian Watt, they refer to different texts and different developments. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 12:01, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

How does the publishing history and the reception of '''Robinson Crusoe''' fit in this conflict. ''Robinson Crusoe'' was not the typical English novel of this period, it rather showed aspects of a romance. Was this shown to prove a mistake in the Ian Watt thesis?

*Indeed ''Crusoe'' is a novel that will only fit into Watt's view, not into the early 18th century view. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 12:01, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

On the "English Novel in the 19th century" session: Could we take another look at the questions given there?

:*we can --[[User:Anton Kirchhofer|Anton Kirchhofer]] 11:25, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

What was meant with '''"Seriousness" and "Popularity"''' in this lecture?

*Much the same as today. "Seriousness" refers to the fact that critics take some fictions seriously enough to interpret them as important statements, e.g. on the condition of contemporary society, or on the larger human questions in general etc. - "Popularity" means that fictions are mainly 'consumed' as entertainment. --[[User:Anton Kirchhofer|Anton Kirchhofer]] 11:25, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

Is there a relationship between the '''"circulating library"''' and the "rise of the novel"?
*circulating libraries only become widespread in the ninetenth century, i.e., a good deal after the period in which the various "rise of the novel" scenarios are set --[[User:Anton Kirchhofer|Anton Kirchhofer]] 11:25, 16 June 2009 (UTC)
----
Friederike Tiemerding writes:

I have questions concerning the '''legitimate and illegitimate theatres''' under the Walpole's government. I thought that after the Licensing Act all plays had to undergo the censorship of Lord Chamberlain's so that just non-offending, legitimate plays did pass the censorship. Weren't those plays the only ones performed? So what exactly was the difference between those two types of theatres and what did illegitimate theatres show? Where their plays public or was it forbidden and therefore secret? What kind of audience attended these illegitimate theatres? Was there kind of a membership like with the Club Theatres alter on?

*The strict licensing applied to serious plays performed by the companies licensed to perform such plays. A second market existed for other kinds of (predominately) musical entertainment including melodramatic performances and a growing production of commercial entertainments. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 13:49, 19 June 2009 (UTC)
----
Anne-Sophie Sauer asked [[User:Anton Kirchhofer|Anton Kirchhofer]]

ich habe eine Frage bezüglich des Tests und würde mich sehr freuen, wenn Sie mir die Frage beantworten können / dürfen. Ich interessiere mich für das Thema '''"the rise of the novel"''' und wollte mich vergewissern, ob man die verschiedenen Ansichten über die Entstehung des novels vom 17. bis zum 19. Jahrhundert bei der Question 2 untersuchen könnte oder ob der Zeitraum zu groß gewählt wäre. Sollte man sich nur auf ein Jahrhundert oder einen kleinen Zeitraum beziehen?

* In Question 2 sollen Sie sich mit verschiedenen Aspekten eines Zeitraums beschäftigen. "The rise of the novel" in seiner verschiedenen Varianten, ist nur ein solcher Aspekt (Sie bräuchten dann noch 2 andere Aspekte, die vorzugsweise aus anderen Vorlesungen stammen sollten.) Zur Länge des Zeitraums kann ich nur sagen, dass die konventionellen und vergleichsweise sicheren Varianten 1. ein Jahrhundert oder 2. eine Epoche sein werden. Alle anderen Zeiträume sind auch möglich, aber Sie müssen halt sagen können, was an dem Zeitraum und den 3 ihn betreffenden Aspekten literaturwissenscaftlich interesant sein könnte. --[[User:Anton Kirchhofer|Anton Kirchhofer]] 14:32, 18 June 2009 (UTC) (E-mail Kontakt)

----

Cornelia Wanger schrieb:

Ich möchte nur kurz anmerken, dass ich mir Sorgen um die Zeit mache und zwar, weil es bedeutet, dass wir für 6 Abschnitte jeweils nur 10 Minuten Zeit haben. Ich frage mich, ob es wirklich möglich ist in der kurzen Zeit einen guten Text zu formulieren, der auch "perspectives" und "consequences" beinhaltet. Mit dieser Sorge bin ich auch nicht allein.

:Liebe Frau Wanger, Sie sollen nicht sechs Abschnitte bearbeiten. Sie sollen (Frage 1) ein Thema und (Frage 2) einen Zeitraum mit Erkenntnissen ansprechen. Sie zeigen dabei, dass Sie Informationen in Zusammenhänge bringen können. Wie wollen Sie denn über ein Thema oder über eine Zeit schreiben, ohne Fakten anzubieten? --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 13:56, 22 June 2009 (UTC)

*Ich meinte es so: Wir sollen uns ein Thema und einen Zeitraum suchen und dazu je "three distinct areas of factual knowledge" präsentieren (zu diesen sollen wir auch die "insights", "perspectives", "consequences" etc. formulieren). Deswegen hatte ich es 6 "Abschnitte" genannt. Zudem sollen wir auch noch "academically relevant reasons for choosing [the topic/ time period]" geben, was dann sogar quasi 8 "Abschnitte" macht. Deshalb mache ich mir Sorgen um die Zeit.

Lecture BM1, Summer 2009: Round up

2009-06-23T06:12:26Z

Conni:

[[User:Sabine Gebken|Sabine Gebken]] writes:

I hope I am not too late to ask some questions for tomorrow’s session. There are four questions that came to my mind while I summed up the lecture.

The first question concerns the eighth lecture on Drama 1: ''Shakespeare''. On the last slide is said: “Be aware of the problematic aspects in the construction of the Elizabethan period”. I couldn’t remember to have heard anything of problems like that. So what are these problems like?
*(Maybe not all of these points were made explicitly in the original lecture, but:) Many of the received characteristics associated with the period were only put into connection with it much later, and they are part of a larger story told in retrospect, they do not necessarily reflect the perspective of the time (e.g. the Elizabethan world picture is a retrospective construction; the influence of the queen on her age may have been overestimated; Shakespeare was not seen as a central author of the time, but as a successful writer for the theatre.) [[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 11:35, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

The second question is on the second part of the drama topic. There is a slide that carries the headline “'''Contextualising the Country Wife'''”. The first four points repeat the development of theatre and the fifth says that the “Country Wife” responds to that position. For me it was not clear to what point of the development the “Country Wife” responds. And at least I did not really get how this “crazy” comedy responds to the conservative positions.

*If you want, it is a typical "Restoration Comedy" - fitting into the political context of the new court life Charles II established in London after his return in 1660. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 11:25, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

The next question concerns the same lecture and the slide with the title “The Early 18th century audience”. There is one point that says that there sat “'''Orange Wenches'''” in the audience. I couldn’t find anywhere what “Orange Wenches” are.

*Prostitution involved prostitutes ("strumpets", "whores"...) and "bawds", women who offered their services to lead you to prostitutes. Wench is (antiquated) derogatory for woman, "orange wench" a contemporary term referring to the women of whom you saw two on Hogarth's picture. They went through the theatre, sold fruits and asked young gallants whether they needed further services, contacts to prostitutes they could procure. If you stumble over such a word you have to check the OED (http://dictionary.oed.com/), accessible among the services the university offers. -[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 11:25, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

And my last question is again on the same lecture where is said that the 19th century sensational Naturalism had a tendency towards cinematic realism. This statement really confused me! I couldn’t get the connection between Naturalism. I understand the connection between '''Naturalism''' and Realism but what has it to do with '''cinema'''?

*They staged spectacular things like the accidents on board of a passenger ship on stage. You'd rather do that on screen in a movie, than on a stage. You can step from these performances into the age of movies. Theatre went a different way in the 1920s looking for what you would rather do on a stage than in a movie. - [[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 11:25, 16 June 2009 (UTC)
----
[[User:Daniel Sip|Daniel Sip]] added the following:

Could you recapitulate the Approaches of '''Structuralism and Post Structuralism'''?

*refer to the handout and the lecture and try to ask your question more specifically.

Is '''Formalism''' an author-orientated approach or context-orientated?!

* Typical formalist analysis has dealt with fairy tales and the different constellations and stages such a tale can involve (father bequeaths his heritage to three sons, the last one gets least but manages to do most with his gifts. The individual situations and tests reoccur in numerous variations in several fairy tales. Formalists schematised and labelled the different stages and options to analyse and describe. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 11:25, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

* it is neither; those who distinguish approaches by such categories would call it "text-oriented". --[[User:Anton Kirchhofer|Anton Kirchhofer]] 11:25, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

On the "History of Literature" session: Why did [[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] show us 18th century '''Literary Journals''' - was it just to show that such journals are different today?

*it was to show (1) that the things that were considered as literature are quite different from those that "we" consider as literature", and (2) that nevertheless, there is a long tradition in discussing literature (whatever it happened to be) --[[User:Anton Kirchhofer|Anton Kirchhofer]] 11:25, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

One of the slides read: "The International market of the '''belles lettres''' with fiction being part of the production of histories has been deconceptualized" What is meant with that and why did this "'''deconceptualisation'''" happen?

*There was a big market of belles lettres, elegant publications, histories were seen as part of that market (if elegant and written in modern languages). Fiction again was seen as part of the market of histories. Our 20th/21st-century vocabulary does not allow us to speak of texts in these contexts. We have "de-conceptualised" the words. Literature is a new context we have built and we tend to consider that this context always existed, i.e. that we always had national literatures consisting of play, fiction and poetry.

What is the difference between the "'''Belles Lettres'''", "'''Fiction'''" and "'''Literature'''"? How can I prove that the a text is part of the "Belles Lettres" or "Literature". What is meant with the statement that there is but one global concept of the "Belles Lettres"?

*One and the same text can be put into all three categories. Question is: when do you use which of these categories. If you want to discuss a novel you will speak about its literary merits, not about its ''belletristic'' merits. We speak of different national literatures if we want to speak of different national traditions. The belles lettres are seen as a single market of international entertaining texts, there is not even a plural to speak of English versus French belles lettres (as we do with the "literatures" Britain and France).

On "The early modern novel": The conflict between '''novels and romances''' - does it just mean that the English novel was a reaction on the French romance? The presentation seemed to prove that such a view is problematic...

*There are two rises of the novel, an 17th century rise and one constructed by Ian Watt, they refer to different texts and different developments. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 12:01, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

How does the publishing history and the reception of '''Robinson Crusoe''' fit in this conflict. ''Robinson Crusoe'' was not the typical English novel of this period, it rather showed aspects of a romance. Was this shown to prove a mistake in the Ian Watt thesis?

*Indeed ''Crusoe'' is a novel that will only fit into Watt's view, not into the early 18th century view. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 12:01, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

On the "English Novel in the 19th century" session: Could we take another look at the questions given there?

:*we can --[[User:Anton Kirchhofer|Anton Kirchhofer]] 11:25, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

What was meant with '''"Seriousness" and "Popularity"''' in this lecture?

*Much the same as today. "Seriousness" refers to the fact that critics take some fictions seriously enough to interpret them as important statements, e.g. on the condition of contemporary society, or on the larger human questions in general etc. - "Popularity" means that fictions are mainly 'consumed' as entertainment. --[[User:Anton Kirchhofer|Anton Kirchhofer]] 11:25, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

Is there a relationship between the '''"circulating library"''' and the "rise of the novel"?
*circulating libraries only become widespread in the ninetenth century, i.e., a good deal after the period in which the various "rise of the novel" scenarios are set --[[User:Anton Kirchhofer|Anton Kirchhofer]] 11:25, 16 June 2009 (UTC)
----
Friederike Tiemerding writes:

I have questions concerning the '''legitimate and illegitimate theatres''' under the Walpole's government. I thought that after the Licensing Act all plays had to undergo the censorship of Lord Chamberlain's so that just non-offending, legitimate plays did pass the censorship. Weren't those plays the only ones performed? So what exactly was the difference between those two types of theatres and what did illegitimate theatres show? Where their plays public or was it forbidden and therefore secret? What kind of audience attended these illegitimate theatres? Was there kind of a membership like with the Club Theatres alter on?

*The strict licensing applied to serious plays performed by the companies licensed to perform such plays. A second market existed for other kinds of (predominately) musical entertainment including melodramatic performances and a growing production of commercial entertainments. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 13:49, 19 June 2009 (UTC)
----
Anne-Sophie Sauer asked [[User:Anton Kirchhofer|Anton Kirchhofer]]

ich habe eine Frage bezüglich des Tests und würde mich sehr freuen, wenn Sie mir die Frage beantworten können / dürfen. Ich interessiere mich für das Thema '''"the rise of the novel"''' und wollte mich vergewissern, ob man die verschiedenen Ansichten über die Entstehung des novels vom 17. bis zum 19. Jahrhundert bei der Question 2 untersuchen könnte oder ob der Zeitraum zu groß gewählt wäre. Sollte man sich nur auf ein Jahrhundert oder einen kleinen Zeitraum beziehen?

* In Question 2 sollen Sie sich mit verschiedenen Aspekten eines Zeitraums beschäftigen. "The rise of the novel" in seiner verschiedenen Varianten, ist nur ein solcher Aspekt (Sie bräuchten dann noch 2 andere Aspekte, die vorzugsweise aus anderen Vorlesungen stammen sollten.) Zur Länge des Zeitraums kann ich nur sagen, dass die konventionellen und vergleichsweise sicheren Varianten 1. ein Jahrhundert oder 2. eine Epoche sein werden. Alle anderen Zeiträume sind auch möglich, aber Sie müssen halt sagen können, was an dem Zeitraum und den 3 ihn betreffenden Aspekten literaturwissenscaftlich interesant sein könnte. --[[User:Anton Kirchhofer|Anton Kirchhofer]] 14:32, 18 June 2009 (UTC) (E-mail Kontakt)

----

Cornelia Wanger schrieb:

Ich möchte nur kurz anmerken, dass ich mir Sorgen um die Zeit mache und zwar, weil es bedeutet, dass wir für 6 Abschnitte jeweils nur 10 Minuten Zeit haben. Ich frage mich, ob es wirklich möglich ist in der kurzen Zeit einen guten Text zu formulieren, der auch "perspectives" und "consequences" beinhaltet. Mit dieser Sorge bin ich auch nicht allein.

:Liebe Frau Wanger, Sie sollen nicht sechs Abschnitte bearbeiten. Sie sollen (Frage 1) ein Thema und (Frage 2) einen Zeitraum mit Erkenntnissen ansprechen. Sie zeigen dabei, dass Sie Informationen in Zusammenhänge bringen können. Wie wollen Sie denn über ein Thema oder über eine Zeit schreiben, ohne Fakten anzubieten? --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 13:56, 22 June 2009 (UTC)

*Ich denke ich hatte es richtig verstanden und meinte es so:
Wir sollen uns ein Thema und einen Zeitraum suchen und dazu je "three distinct areas of factual knowledge" präsentieren (zu diesen sollen wir auch die "insights", "perspectives", "consequences" etc. formulieren).
Deswegen hatte ich es 6 "Abschnitte" genannt.
Zudem sollen wir auch noch "academically relevant reasons for choosing [the topic/ time period]" geben, was dann sogar quasi 8 "Abschnitte" macht.
Deshalb mache ich mir Sorgen um die Zeit.

Talk:2008-09 BM2 Introduction to Anglophone Cultural Studies, Part 1

2009-03-02T13:22:16Z

Conni:

Ich hatte im 1. Semester die glorreiche Idee BM2 zu schieben. Als "Ersti" hatte ich das Gefühl nicht alles gut genug schaffen zu können, wenn ich mich auf soviel konzentriere. Nun kann ich leider viele Aufbaumodule nicht belegen, weil BM2 vorausgesetzt wird. Ist es möglich wenn ich jetzt mit dem BM2 anfange parallel so ein Blockseminar im Februar zu besuchen? Dann hätte ich ja wenigstens den 1. Teil vom BM2 schon mal. Ärgerlich. Da habe ich mich wohl im 1. Semester verkalkuliert.<br>
:...schon per e-mail geregelt, machen wir, auch im Interesse des Blockseminars. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 15:25, 27 August 2008 (CEST)
::Dann wäre eine für alle sichtbare Antwort an dieser Stelle sinnvoll (gewesen), da ich mir denken kann, dass diese Frage mehrere Studenten haben (und hier gucken, ob es eine Antwort darauf gibt). Deshalb fake edit. [[User:Verena Engelhardt|Verena Engelhardt]] 15:26, 27 August 2008 (CEST)

Wo steht eigentlich nochmal die Info welche chapter wir jedesmal vorbereiten sollen?

----
Die Fragen am Ende der letzten Vorlesung haben es wieder einmal gezeigt; Keiner weiß, was man denn genau lernen muss für die Klausur.
Und irgendwie habe ich pers. auch den Eindruck dass zwischen den Lektoren keine Übereinstimmung bezüglich dieser Frage herrscht.
Das ganze wirkt dann auch auf die Tutoriengestaltung, und mittlerweile sind es nur noch ca. 10 Personen, die erscheinen(Freitags zumindest).[[User:Dimitri.simons|Dimitri.simons]] 17:41, 2 December 2008 (UTC)

:Hier eine kurze Vorinformation zum written test
:* Dauer: 60 Minuten + etwas Reservezeit
:* Teil 1: (30 Minuten) kurze Faktenfragen, möglicherweise multiple choice, die in die verschiedenen Bereiche gehen und Breite des gemeinwissens erfassen
:* Teil 2: Zwei Fragen (Bearbeitungszeit je 15 Minuten) auszuwählen aus sechs Fragen (zu verschiedenen Gebieten der Vorlesung) - mit dem Ziel, Raum für eine knappe Darstellung von Zusammenhänge respektive Argumentationen zu geben

:Vorbereitung: Wir werden in der Sitzung zum 17. Dezember zwei Listen ausgeben. Die erste besteht aus Daten und Ereignissen, die Euch etwas sagen müssen, die zweite, nennt Personen, über deren historische Bedeutung ihr ein knappes Bild haben solltet. Ihr könnt die Informationen aus den Powerpoint Folien beziehen oder aus Medien wie Wikipedia.
:Die sechs eingehenderen Fragen, aus denen Ihr zwei auszuwählen habt, um 15 Minuten darüber zu schreiben nehmen Fragen auf, die in den Präsentationen gestellt wurden. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 16:16, 3 December 2008 (UTC)

Ich lerne grade die 4 Seiten Daten auswendig für Mittwoch (kann man damit 50 % knacken?) und verstehe folgenden Satz nicht:
"1641 Star Chamber abolished history of press wars ensues and goes until today"

Also ich habe auch alles auswendig gelernt und in den Tutorien hieß es wohl, dass es wirklich 50/50 gewichtet wird. Aber wer sagt, dass du diese 50% dann auch wirklich richtig machst?!? Ich hab übrigens auch die Probleme mit 1641. Das hab ich einfach ausgelassen. Ich hoffe mal, dass ich beim 2.Teil noch ein bisschen Punkte rausholen kann, aber ich denke mal, dass diese Klausur allgemein nicht wirklich gut ausfallen wird. Alle lernen bis zum Umfallen, aber ob sie wirklich das richtige lernen, weiß keiner....
__ __
/` \/ `\
_ \ / _
/` '.'. .'.' `\
'. _'.\/.'_ .'
.'` .'/\'. `'.
\._.'.' '.'._./
/ \
\._/\_./

Viel Glück! (Klappt schon!) [[User:Benjamin Tabart|Benjamin Tabart]] 09:58, 14 January 2009 (UTC)

Wann bekommen wir eigentlich unsere Ergebnisse von der Klausur und wie? lg

:Wir geben uns Mühe zur letzten Sitzung alles fertig zu haben. Ihr werdet eine Excel-Liste mit Noten und Matrikelnummern einsehen können, zudem wird es in den Semesterferien einen Terin zur Einsicht geben (und meine Sprechstunden als zusätzliche Termine) --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 11:53, 21 January 2009 (UTC)

Kann man schon ungefähr sagen, wann es die Ergebnisse gibt?

:Annika McPherson hat in einer email geschrieben, dass wir Mitte Februar (nach den Nachprüfungen) die Noten erhalten werden. Mit besten Grüßen [[User:Matthias.Buettner|Matthias]]

Hallo! Wo kann ich denn herausfinden, ab wann ich mich für die Seminare und Übungen im Sommersemester anmelden kann? Sicherlich gibt es einen festen Termin, den man wissen muss, um auch in die Veranstaltung zu kommen die man sich ausgesucht hat?!?

:Der Termin ist am 16.03. - siehe "Main Page"! :) lg

==Timeline==

===Prehistoric Period===
*700,000 years ago: human settlements on later British soil, the later British Islands still part of the continental shelf. Several several glacial and interglacial periods in which hunter-gatherers appear and reappear
* 70,000 and 10,000 years ago: last ice age, extreme cold snap between 22,000 and 13,000 years ago
* 7500 to 6000 years ago: Meltwater causes [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_level_rise sea level rise] of 120 m, and separation of Ireland from Britsh mainland, and of British isles from continental shelf
* 3100-1600 BC [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonehenge Stonehenge] in use. Similar constructs of megalith culture can be found all over western Europe
* 500-50 BC predominance of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celt Celtic] culture.

===0-1000===
* 43-410 Romanisation of Celts in modern England (122/142 Hadrian’s and Antonine walls against northern Picts) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Hadrians_Wall_map.png map]
* 410 Romans leave Great Britain, power vacuum, waves of Saxons, Angels and Jutes found kingdoms on British soil
* 597 Beginning of Christianisation under St. Augustin
* 793 Lindisfarne raided by Vikings, next three centuries: Viking settlements in northern England

===1000-1500===
* 1014-1042 Danish Rule, line of succession ends with son of Canute the Great
* 1066 Battle of Hastings, Franco-Norman rule under William I
* 1215 John Lackland has to grant the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_Carta Magna Carta] to avoid conflict with English barons, parliament and civil rights strengthened
* 1290 Jews expelled from England
* 1380-1400 Geoffrey Chaucer, ''Canterbury Tales''
* 1339-1453 Hundred Years War against France, rise of English Nationalism
* 1453-1487 War of the Roses: Dynastic Conflict
* 1473 Caxton's press produces first printed book in London
* 1497-1583 Newfoundland claimed by England, several colonies founded on East coast in competition with Spanish, French, and Dutch colonisation

===1500-1599===
* 1534 Henry VIII Establishes Anglican Church
* 1553-1558 rule of Mary I (1516-1558), Catholicism re-established almost 300 dissenters burned at the stake
* 1560 Reformation in Scotland, organised by John Knox, Presbiterian, Calvinist Church
* 1558–1603 Elizabethan era, Protestantism reestablished, 1590-1611 Shakespeare's plays
* 1585-1604 Conflicts with Spain (Francis Drake and the Armada) over Naval Supremacy and Spanish Netherlands (modern Belgium) and Ireland

===1600-1699===
* 1600 East India Company founded, several similar shareholder companies follow with trade monopolies granted by crown. Colonialisation basically achieved by commercial enterprises protected by English/ British crown.
* 1611 King James Bilbe Authorised Version
* 1640-1660 Civil War and Commonwealth
* 1641 Star Chamber abolished, strict censoring of the press ends, the press becomes the main platform of the political debate
* 1649 Charles I beheaded (January 30)
* 1651 Thomas Hobbes ''Leviathan'' published (plea for absolute monarchy and subordination of religion, perceived as an atheist's theory of state by all sides)
* 1660-1689 Restoration of monarchy, libertine court, wars between England and Netherlands as strongest naval powers
* 1666 London destroyed in Great Fire
* 1688/89 Glorious Revolution William of Orange (Dutch) ascends throne, Bill of Rights, new press laws, new laws on religious toleration: 1690 John Locke, ''On Toleration'' (1690), ''Two Treatises of Government'' (1690), ''Essay Concerning Humane Understanding'' (1690)

===1700-1799===
* 1707 Act of Union: England/ Wales/ Scotland become one Kingdom (a union existed de facto since James I and the Stuart ascension)
* 1719 Daniel Defoe ''Robinson Crusoe'' (author stood on pilory in 1703 after publishing his ''Shortest Way with Dissenters'' (1702).
* 1720 South Sea Bubble, Walpole strengthened ans political manager, status of prime minister evolves
* 1754 Battle of Plassey (India), British East India Company exercises military power and assumes administrative functions in India
* 1756-1763 The Seven Years' War: Ends France position as a major colonial power in the Americas
* 1770 James Cook's Expedition
* 1774-1776 USA [http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/declare.asp Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776]
* 1750s-1830s Industrial revolution with use of steam energy, second phase 1830-1900 with new energy supplies, growing infrastructure and Industrialization of USA.

===1800-1899===
* 1810s-1830s riots against mechanisation
* 1837-1901 Rule of Queen Victoria
* 1848 Karl Marx' ''The Communist Manifesto'' published, Marx moves to England (1849) where he works til his death in 1883
* 1857 Indian Rebellion, 1858: British Crown assumes direct administration over India
* 1859 Charles Darwin ''Origin of Species'' published. Evolution theory rises against short history of Earth (as created in 4404 BC by God). Impact on cultural theory: Human culture evolved slowly. Efforts taken to speed up developments.
* 1861-1865 American Civil War
* 1869 after 11 years of work (based on the forced work of over 30,000 people), Suez Canal opened. 1880s Begin of British Colonisation of Africa
* 1882 The "Chinese Exclusion Act"
* 1890s-1918 Enfranchisement of women in Great Britain, USA: 1918
* 1895-: silent era of film; 1927: beginning of sound era of film (with ''The Jazz Singer'')
* 1899-1902 Philippine-American War, invasion, ends with Fall of First Philippine Republic, land acquisition by American companies, destabilisation of Catholic church and long term efforts to introduce English as lingua franca

===1900 till Today===
* 1914-1918, WWI, 1917: US enters the war
* 1920s onwards: radio broadcastings; history of radio, see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_radio
* 1928: television service begins in the US, 1929, television service begins in the UK; households with a TV set in the US: 0,5 % in 1946, more than 50% in 1954. Reading suggestion: Tichi, Cecelia. ''Electronic Hearth: Creating American Television Culture''. New York & Oxford: Oxford UP, 1991.
* 1929-1931 US-American economic crisis affects the whole world
* 1930s USA: New Deal economic recovery and reform programs
* 1939-1945 World War II, Allied Nations against Germany, Italy, Japan. Use of first Atom bombs against Hiroshima and Nagasaki August 1945
* 1950s-1990s several US American Interventions in Latin America
* 1950-1953 Korean War of North against South Korea
* 1964 USA: Civil Rights Act
* 1965 USA: Immigration and “Naturalization Act”
* 1959-1975 Vietnam War with pre-history of confrontations involving Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam and European powers
* 1970s GB: Economic crisis
* 1973: The United Kingdom becomes a member of the European Union
* 1979-1989 United States CIA program to arm the Afghan mujahideen during the Soviet war in Afghanistan
* 1989 Salman Rushdie, ''Satanic Verses'' published. Ensuing confrontation between religious republic of Iran and secular west.
* 1990-1991 Gulf War after Iraq attacked Kuwait
* 2001/9/11 terrorist attack on World Trade centre
* 2001-2008 War in Afghanistan
* 2003-2008 Iraq War

==People==
Task: retrieve birth- and death-dates (bring names into correct order), link into Wikipedia, and write a one or two sentence statement on historical importance

* Thomas Beckett (c. 1118 – 29 December 1170) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Becket]- Had a conflict with King Henry II about the rights and privileges of the church; he was assassinated by followers of the king and is known as a saint and martyr by the Roman Catholic and the Anglican Church.
* John of England 1166-1216 ("John Lackland")[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lackland_of_England] Was the King of England from 6 April 1199-1216 . He is known as the enemy of Robin Hood but especially for the Magna Carta [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_Carta], a document limiting his power which is popularly thought as an early first step in the evolution of modern democracy.
* John Wycliffe (1320s-1384)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Wycliffe]Was an English theologian, an early dissident in the Roman Catholic Church during the 14th century and is considered the founder of the Lollard movement, a precursor to the Protestant Reformation. Wycliffe was also an early advocate for translation of the Bible and completed his translation in the year 1382, now known as the Wycliffe Bible.
* Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VIII]Was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. He is known for his political struggles with Rome which ultimately led to the separation of the Anglican Church from the Roman hierarchy, the Dissolution of the Monasteries, and establishing himself as the Supreme Head of the Church of England. [http://tudors.crispen.org/]
* Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_I]Was the illegitimate daughter of Henry VIII but nevertheless became Queen of England on 17 November 1558. One of her first moves as queen was to support the establishment of an English Protestant church, of which she became the Supreme Governor. This Elizabethan Religious Settlement held firm throughout her reign and later evolved into today's Church of England. She never married and became famous for her virginity.
* Oliver Cromwell (25 April 1599 Old Style– 3 September 1658 Old Style) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell]He was one of the commanders of the New Model Army which defeated the royalists in the English Civil War. He is best known for his involvement in making England into a republican Commonwealth and for his later role as Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1653 until his death in 1658.
* John Locke (29 August 1632 – 28 October 1704) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Locke]Was an English philosopher and is widely regarded as one of the most influential Enlightenment thinkers who influenced Voltaire and Rousseau, as well as the American revolutionaries. This influence is reflected in the American Declaration of Independence. Locke defined the "self" through a continuity of "consciousness" and maintained that people are born without innate ideas.
* Adam Smith (5 June 1723 – 17 July 1790) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Smith]Was a Scottish moral philosopher, a pioneer of political economy and one of the key figures of the Scottish Enlightenment. Smith book The Wealth of Nations, is considered his magnum opus and the first modern work of economics. Smith is widely cited as the father of modern economics.
* Abraham Lincoln (12 February 1809 – 15 April 1865)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln]was the sixteenth President of the United States (elected in 1861). He successfully led the country through the American Civil War, saving the Union and ending slavery. He issued his Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 and promoted the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution. He became the first president who was assassinated in 1865 and is seen as a martyr for the ideal of national unity.
* Charles Darwin (12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Darwin] was an English naturalist, who realised and demonstrated that all species of life have evolved over time from common ancestors through the process he called natural selection. The fact that evolution occurs became accepted by the scientific community and the general public in his lifetime and had a great impact on cultural theory.
* Karl Marx (5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Marx]credited as the founder of communism. Marx argued that capitalism, like previous socioeconomic systems, will produce internal tensions which will lead to its destruction. Just as capitalism replaced feudalism, capitalism itself will be displaced by communism, a stateless, classless society which emerges after a transitional period, the 'dictatorship of the proletariat'.
* Queen Victoria (24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Victoria]Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the first Empress of India until her death. Her reign as Queen lasted 63 years and seven months. The period centred on her reign is known as the Victorian era. This era represented the height of the Industrial Revolution and was marked by a great expansion of the British Empire.
* Thomas Alva Edison (11 February 1847 – 18 October 1931)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Alva_Edison]Was an American inventor and businessman who developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph and the long-lasting, practical electric light bulb.
* Cecil Rhodes (5 July 1853 – 26 March 1902) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cecil_Rhodes]was an English-born businessman, mining magnate and politician in South Africa. He was an ardent believer in colonialism and was the founder of the state of Rhodesia, which was named after him and became Zambia and Zimbabwe respectively. Rhodes wanted to expand the British Empire because he believed that the Anglo-Saxon race was destined to greatness.
* Henry Ford (30 July 1863 – 7 April 1947)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Ford]was the American founder of the Ford Motor Company and father of modern assembly lines used in mass production. His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and the American industry. As owner of the Ford Company he became one of the richest and best-known people in the world
* Mahatma Gandhi (2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahatma_Ghandhi]was a major political and spiritual leader of India and the Indian independence movement and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, for expanding women's rights, for building religious and ethnic amity, for ending untouchability, for increasing economic self-reliance and for achieving Swaraj—the independence of India from foreign domination.
* Nelson Mandela (born 18 July 1918)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Mandela]was the first President of South Africa to be elected in a fully representative democratic election, serving in the office from 1994–1999. Before his presidency, Mandela was an anti-apartheid activist and because of that Mandela had to serve 27 years in prison, spending many of these years on Robben Island. In South Africa and internationally, Mandela's opposition to apartheid made him a symbol of freedom and equality for many.
* Henry Kissinger (27 May 1923)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Kissinger]He served as National Security Advisor and later concurrently as Secretary of State in the Richard Nixon administration. Kissinger emerged unscathed from the Watergate scandal, and maintained his powerful position when Gerald Ford became President.
* Martin Luther King, Jr.(15 January 1929 – 4 April 1968)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther_King]was an African American clergyman, activist and prominent leader in the American civil rights movement. His main legacy was to secure progress on civil rights in the United States and he is frequently referenced as a human rights icon today. King's efforts led to the 1963 March on Washington, where King delivered his “I Have a Dream” speech. There, he raised public consciousness of the civil rights movement and established himself as one of the greatest orators in U.S. history. King was assassinated on April 4, 1968, in Memphis, Tennessee.

:spannende Arbeit! --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 09:56, 22 December 2008 (UTC)

Talk:2008-09 BM2 Introduction to Anglophone Cultural Studies, Part 1

2009-03-02T13:21:25Z

Conni:

Ich hatte im 1. Semester die glorreiche Idee BM2 zu schieben. Als "Ersti" hatte ich das Gefühl nicht alles gut genug schaffen zu können, wenn ich mich auf soviel konzentriere. Nun kann ich leider viele Aufbaumodule nicht belegen, weil BM2 vorausgesetzt wird. Ist es möglich wenn ich jetzt mit dem BM2 anfange parallel so ein Blockseminar im Februar zu besuchen? Dann hätte ich ja wenigstens den 1. Teil vom BM2 schon mal. Ärgerlich. Da habe ich mich wohl im 1. Semester verkalkuliert.<br>
:...schon per e-mail geregelt, machen wir, auch im Interesse des Blockseminars. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 15:25, 27 August 2008 (CEST)
::Dann wäre eine für alle sichtbare Antwort an dieser Stelle sinnvoll (gewesen), da ich mir denken kann, dass diese Frage mehrere Studenten haben (und hier gucken, ob es eine Antwort darauf gibt). Deshalb fake edit. [[User:Verena Engelhardt|Verena Engelhardt]] 15:26, 27 August 2008 (CEST)

Wo steht eigentlich nochmal die Info welche chapter wir jedesmal vorbereiten sollen?

----
Die Fragen am Ende der letzten Vorlesung haben es wieder einmal gezeigt; Keiner weiß, was man denn genau lernen muss für die Klausur.
Und irgendwie habe ich pers. auch den Eindruck dass zwischen den Lektoren keine Übereinstimmung bezüglich dieser Frage herrscht.
Das ganze wirkt dann auch auf die Tutoriengestaltung, und mittlerweile sind es nur noch ca. 10 Personen, die erscheinen(Freitags zumindest).[[User:Dimitri.simons|Dimitri.simons]] 17:41, 2 December 2008 (UTC)

:Hier eine kurze Vorinformation zum written test
:* Dauer: 60 Minuten + etwas Reservezeit
:* Teil 1: (30 Minuten) kurze Faktenfragen, möglicherweise multiple choice, die in die verschiedenen Bereiche gehen und Breite des gemeinwissens erfassen
:* Teil 2: Zwei Fragen (Bearbeitungszeit je 15 Minuten) auszuwählen aus sechs Fragen (zu verschiedenen Gebieten der Vorlesung) - mit dem Ziel, Raum für eine knappe Darstellung von Zusammenhänge respektive Argumentationen zu geben

:Vorbereitung: Wir werden in der Sitzung zum 17. Dezember zwei Listen ausgeben. Die erste besteht aus Daten und Ereignissen, die Euch etwas sagen müssen, die zweite, nennt Personen, über deren historische Bedeutung ihr ein knappes Bild haben solltet. Ihr könnt die Informationen aus den Powerpoint Folien beziehen oder aus Medien wie Wikipedia.
:Die sechs eingehenderen Fragen, aus denen Ihr zwei auszuwählen habt, um 15 Minuten darüber zu schreiben nehmen Fragen auf, die in den Präsentationen gestellt wurden. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 16:16, 3 December 2008 (UTC)

Ich lerne grade die 4 Seiten Daten auswendig für Mittwoch (kann man damit 50 % knacken?) und verstehe folgenden Satz nicht:
"1641 Star Chamber abolished history of press wars ensues and goes until today"

Also ich habe auch alles auswendig gelernt und in den Tutorien hieß es wohl, dass es wirklich 50/50 gewichtet wird. Aber wer sagt, dass du diese 50% dann auch wirklich richtig machst?!? Ich hab übrigens auch die Probleme mit 1641. Das hab ich einfach ausgelassen. Ich hoffe mal, dass ich beim 2.Teil noch ein bisschen Punkte rausholen kann, aber ich denke mal, dass diese Klausur allgemein nicht wirklich gut ausfallen wird. Alle lernen bis zum Umfallen, aber ob sie wirklich das richtige lernen, weiß keiner....
__ __
/` \/ `\
_ \ / _
/` '.'. .'.' `\
'. _'.\/.'_ .'
.'` .'/\'. `'.
\._.'.' '.'._./
/ \
\._/\_./

Viel Glück! (Klappt schon!) [[User:Benjamin Tabart|Benjamin Tabart]] 09:58, 14 January 2009 (UTC)

Wann bekommen wir eigentlich unsere Ergebnisse von der Klausur und wie? lg

:Wir geben uns Mühe zur letzten Sitzung alles fertig zu haben. Ihr werdet eine Excel-Liste mit Noten und Matrikelnummern einsehen können, zudem wird es in den Semesterferien einen Terin zur Einsicht geben (und meine Sprechstunden als zusätzliche Termine) --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 11:53, 21 January 2009 (UTC)

Kann man schon ungefähr sagen, wann es die Ergebnisse gibt?

:Annika McPherson hat in einer email geschrieben, dass wir Mitte Februar (nach den Nachprüfungen) die Noten erhalten werden. Mit besten Grüßen [[User:Matthias.Buettner|Matthias]]

Hallo! Wo kann ich denn herausfinden, ab wann ich mich für die Seminare und Übungen im Sommersemester anmelden kann? Sicherlich gibt es einen festen Termin, den man wissen muss, um auch in die Veranstaltung zu kommen die man sich ausgesucht hat?!?

Der Termin ist am 16.03. - siehe "Main Page"! :) lg

==Timeline==

===Prehistoric Period===
*700,000 years ago: human settlements on later British soil, the later British Islands still part of the continental shelf. Several several glacial and interglacial periods in which hunter-gatherers appear and reappear
* 70,000 and 10,000 years ago: last ice age, extreme cold snap between 22,000 and 13,000 years ago
* 7500 to 6000 years ago: Meltwater causes [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_level_rise sea level rise] of 120 m, and separation of Ireland from Britsh mainland, and of British isles from continental shelf
* 3100-1600 BC [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonehenge Stonehenge] in use. Similar constructs of megalith culture can be found all over western Europe
* 500-50 BC predominance of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celt Celtic] culture.

===0-1000===
* 43-410 Romanisation of Celts in modern England (122/142 Hadrian’s and Antonine walls against northern Picts) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Hadrians_Wall_map.png map]
* 410 Romans leave Great Britain, power vacuum, waves of Saxons, Angels and Jutes found kingdoms on British soil
* 597 Beginning of Christianisation under St. Augustin
* 793 Lindisfarne raided by Vikings, next three centuries: Viking settlements in northern England

===1000-1500===
* 1014-1042 Danish Rule, line of succession ends with son of Canute the Great
* 1066 Battle of Hastings, Franco-Norman rule under William I
* 1215 John Lackland has to grant the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_Carta Magna Carta] to avoid conflict with English barons, parliament and civil rights strengthened
* 1290 Jews expelled from England
* 1380-1400 Geoffrey Chaucer, ''Canterbury Tales''
* 1339-1453 Hundred Years War against France, rise of English Nationalism
* 1453-1487 War of the Roses: Dynastic Conflict
* 1473 Caxton's press produces first printed book in London
* 1497-1583 Newfoundland claimed by England, several colonies founded on East coast in competition with Spanish, French, and Dutch colonisation

===1500-1599===
* 1534 Henry VIII Establishes Anglican Church
* 1553-1558 rule of Mary I (1516-1558), Catholicism re-established almost 300 dissenters burned at the stake
* 1560 Reformation in Scotland, organised by John Knox, Presbiterian, Calvinist Church
* 1558–1603 Elizabethan era, Protestantism reestablished, 1590-1611 Shakespeare's plays
* 1585-1604 Conflicts with Spain (Francis Drake and the Armada) over Naval Supremacy and Spanish Netherlands (modern Belgium) and Ireland

===1600-1699===
* 1600 East India Company founded, several similar shareholder companies follow with trade monopolies granted by crown. Colonialisation basically achieved by commercial enterprises protected by English/ British crown.
* 1611 King James Bilbe Authorised Version
* 1640-1660 Civil War and Commonwealth
* 1641 Star Chamber abolished, strict censoring of the press ends, the press becomes the main platform of the political debate
* 1649 Charles I beheaded (January 30)
* 1651 Thomas Hobbes ''Leviathan'' published (plea for absolute monarchy and subordination of religion, perceived as an atheist's theory of state by all sides)
* 1660-1689 Restoration of monarchy, libertine court, wars between England and Netherlands as strongest naval powers
* 1666 London destroyed in Great Fire
* 1688/89 Glorious Revolution William of Orange (Dutch) ascends throne, Bill of Rights, new press laws, new laws on religious toleration: 1690 John Locke, ''On Toleration'' (1690), ''Two Treatises of Government'' (1690), ''Essay Concerning Humane Understanding'' (1690)

===1700-1799===
* 1707 Act of Union: England/ Wales/ Scotland become one Kingdom (a union existed de facto since James I and the Stuart ascension)
* 1719 Daniel Defoe ''Robinson Crusoe'' (author stood on pilory in 1703 after publishing his ''Shortest Way with Dissenters'' (1702).
* 1720 South Sea Bubble, Walpole strengthened ans political manager, status of prime minister evolves
* 1754 Battle of Plassey (India), British East India Company exercises military power and assumes administrative functions in India
* 1756-1763 The Seven Years' War: Ends France position as a major colonial power in the Americas
* 1770 James Cook's Expedition
* 1774-1776 USA [http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/declare.asp Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776]
* 1750s-1830s Industrial revolution with use of steam energy, second phase 1830-1900 with new energy supplies, growing infrastructure and Industrialization of USA.

===1800-1899===
* 1810s-1830s riots against mechanisation
* 1837-1901 Rule of Queen Victoria
* 1848 Karl Marx' ''The Communist Manifesto'' published, Marx moves to England (1849) where he works til his death in 1883
* 1857 Indian Rebellion, 1858: British Crown assumes direct administration over India
* 1859 Charles Darwin ''Origin of Species'' published. Evolution theory rises against short history of Earth (as created in 4404 BC by God). Impact on cultural theory: Human culture evolved slowly. Efforts taken to speed up developments.
* 1861-1865 American Civil War
* 1869 after 11 years of work (based on the forced work of over 30,000 people), Suez Canal opened. 1880s Begin of British Colonisation of Africa
* 1882 The "Chinese Exclusion Act"
* 1890s-1918 Enfranchisement of women in Great Britain, USA: 1918
* 1895-: silent era of film; 1927: beginning of sound era of film (with ''The Jazz Singer'')
* 1899-1902 Philippine-American War, invasion, ends with Fall of First Philippine Republic, land acquisition by American companies, destabilisation of Catholic church and long term efforts to introduce English as lingua franca

===1900 till Today===
* 1914-1918, WWI, 1917: US enters the war
* 1920s onwards: radio broadcastings; history of radio, see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_radio
* 1928: television service begins in the US, 1929, television service begins in the UK; households with a TV set in the US: 0,5 % in 1946, more than 50% in 1954. Reading suggestion: Tichi, Cecelia. ''Electronic Hearth: Creating American Television Culture''. New York & Oxford: Oxford UP, 1991.
* 1929-1931 US-American economic crisis affects the whole world
* 1930s USA: New Deal economic recovery and reform programs
* 1939-1945 World War II, Allied Nations against Germany, Italy, Japan. Use of first Atom bombs against Hiroshima and Nagasaki August 1945
* 1950s-1990s several US American Interventions in Latin America
* 1950-1953 Korean War of North against South Korea
* 1964 USA: Civil Rights Act
* 1965 USA: Immigration and “Naturalization Act”
* 1959-1975 Vietnam War with pre-history of confrontations involving Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam and European powers
* 1970s GB: Economic crisis
* 1973: The United Kingdom becomes a member of the European Union
* 1979-1989 United States CIA program to arm the Afghan mujahideen during the Soviet war in Afghanistan
* 1989 Salman Rushdie, ''Satanic Verses'' published. Ensuing confrontation between religious republic of Iran and secular west.
* 1990-1991 Gulf War after Iraq attacked Kuwait
* 2001/9/11 terrorist attack on World Trade centre
* 2001-2008 War in Afghanistan
* 2003-2008 Iraq War

==People==
Task: retrieve birth- and death-dates (bring names into correct order), link into Wikipedia, and write a one or two sentence statement on historical importance

* Thomas Beckett (c. 1118 – 29 December 1170) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Becket]- Had a conflict with King Henry II about the rights and privileges of the church; he was assassinated by followers of the king and is known as a saint and martyr by the Roman Catholic and the Anglican Church.
* John of England 1166-1216 ("John Lackland")[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lackland_of_England] Was the King of England from 6 April 1199-1216 . He is known as the enemy of Robin Hood but especially for the Magna Carta [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_Carta], a document limiting his power which is popularly thought as an early first step in the evolution of modern democracy.
* John Wycliffe (1320s-1384)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Wycliffe]Was an English theologian, an early dissident in the Roman Catholic Church during the 14th century and is considered the founder of the Lollard movement, a precursor to the Protestant Reformation. Wycliffe was also an early advocate for translation of the Bible and completed his translation in the year 1382, now known as the Wycliffe Bible.
* Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VIII]Was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. He is known for his political struggles with Rome which ultimately led to the separation of the Anglican Church from the Roman hierarchy, the Dissolution of the Monasteries, and establishing himself as the Supreme Head of the Church of England. [http://tudors.crispen.org/]
* Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_I]Was the illegitimate daughter of Henry VIII but nevertheless became Queen of England on 17 November 1558. One of her first moves as queen was to support the establishment of an English Protestant church, of which she became the Supreme Governor. This Elizabethan Religious Settlement held firm throughout her reign and later evolved into today's Church of England. She never married and became famous for her virginity.
* Oliver Cromwell (25 April 1599 Old Style– 3 September 1658 Old Style) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell]He was one of the commanders of the New Model Army which defeated the royalists in the English Civil War. He is best known for his involvement in making England into a republican Commonwealth and for his later role as Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1653 until his death in 1658.
* John Locke (29 August 1632 – 28 October 1704) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Locke]Was an English philosopher and is widely regarded as one of the most influential Enlightenment thinkers who influenced Voltaire and Rousseau, as well as the American revolutionaries. This influence is reflected in the American Declaration of Independence. Locke defined the "self" through a continuity of "consciousness" and maintained that people are born without innate ideas.
* Adam Smith (5 June 1723 – 17 July 1790) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Smith]Was a Scottish moral philosopher, a pioneer of political economy and one of the key figures of the Scottish Enlightenment. Smith book The Wealth of Nations, is considered his magnum opus and the first modern work of economics. Smith is widely cited as the father of modern economics.
* Abraham Lincoln (12 February 1809 – 15 April 1865)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln]was the sixteenth President of the United States (elected in 1861). He successfully led the country through the American Civil War, saving the Union and ending slavery. He issued his Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 and promoted the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution. He became the first president who was assassinated in 1865 and is seen as a martyr for the ideal of national unity.
* Charles Darwin (12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Darwin] was an English naturalist, who realised and demonstrated that all species of life have evolved over time from common ancestors through the process he called natural selection. The fact that evolution occurs became accepted by the scientific community and the general public in his lifetime and had a great impact on cultural theory.
* Karl Marx (5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Marx]credited as the founder of communism. Marx argued that capitalism, like previous socioeconomic systems, will produce internal tensions which will lead to its destruction. Just as capitalism replaced feudalism, capitalism itself will be displaced by communism, a stateless, classless society which emerges after a transitional period, the 'dictatorship of the proletariat'.
* Queen Victoria (24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Victoria]Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the first Empress of India until her death. Her reign as Queen lasted 63 years and seven months. The period centred on her reign is known as the Victorian era. This era represented the height of the Industrial Revolution and was marked by a great expansion of the British Empire.
* Thomas Alva Edison (11 February 1847 – 18 October 1931)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Alva_Edison]Was an American inventor and businessman who developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph and the long-lasting, practical electric light bulb.
* Cecil Rhodes (5 July 1853 – 26 March 1902) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cecil_Rhodes]was an English-born businessman, mining magnate and politician in South Africa. He was an ardent believer in colonialism and was the founder of the state of Rhodesia, which was named after him and became Zambia and Zimbabwe respectively. Rhodes wanted to expand the British Empire because he believed that the Anglo-Saxon race was destined to greatness.
* Henry Ford (30 July 1863 – 7 April 1947)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Ford]was the American founder of the Ford Motor Company and father of modern assembly lines used in mass production. His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and the American industry. As owner of the Ford Company he became one of the richest and best-known people in the world
* Mahatma Gandhi (2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahatma_Ghandhi]was a major political and spiritual leader of India and the Indian independence movement and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, for expanding women's rights, for building religious and ethnic amity, for ending untouchability, for increasing economic self-reliance and for achieving Swaraj—the independence of India from foreign domination.
* Nelson Mandela (born 18 July 1918)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Mandela]was the first President of South Africa to be elected in a fully representative democratic election, serving in the office from 1994–1999. Before his presidency, Mandela was an anti-apartheid activist and because of that Mandela had to serve 27 years in prison, spending many of these years on Robben Island. In South Africa and internationally, Mandela's opposition to apartheid made him a symbol of freedom and equality for many.
* Henry Kissinger (27 May 1923)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Kissinger]He served as National Security Advisor and later concurrently as Secretary of State in the Richard Nixon administration. Kissinger emerged unscathed from the Watergate scandal, and maintained his powerful position when Gerald Ford became President.
* Martin Luther King, Jr.(15 January 1929 – 4 April 1968)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther_King]was an African American clergyman, activist and prominent leader in the American civil rights movement. His main legacy was to secure progress on civil rights in the United States and he is frequently referenced as a human rights icon today. King's efforts led to the 1963 March on Washington, where King delivered his “I Have a Dream” speech. There, he raised public consciousness of the civil rights movement and established himself as one of the greatest orators in U.S. history. King was assassinated on April 4, 1968, in Memphis, Tennessee.

:spannende Arbeit! --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 09:56, 22 December 2008 (UTC)

Talk:BM7 - Introduction to Literary and Cultural Studies - Research Paper Outline

2009-02-12T21:21:51Z

Conni:

==Student Questions==
*Ist es auch möglich eine Frage wie die Rolle des Schwans in P. Kavanaghs Sonnet zu behandeln?
::An sich kann man jede Fragestellung behandeln. Dabei muss klar werden, ob es von Interesse ist dies zu tun. Welche Relevanz hat die Frage für die Forschung? Was ist der Erkenntnisgewinn? Gibt es darüber eine öffentliche Diskussion? Sollte es eine geben? Und wollen Sie eine solche Diskussion ins Leben rufen?
::''Ein'' Symbol in ''einem'' Sonett scheint etwas eng gegriffen. Kommt der Schwan in Kavanaghs Dichtung öfter vor? Welche Funktion hat dieses "Symbol"? Gibt es andere Elemente deren symbolische Interpretation problematisiert wird? Womöglich dient das Nachdenken darüber, sich mit der weiterführenden Frage zu beschäftigen (Vergleich mit anderen Gedichten). -- [[User:Anna Auguscik|Anna Auguscik]] 18:11, 21 January 2009 (UTC)

*Sollen wir denn auch eine Schlussfolgerung formulieren?
::Ohne einer Analyse, wird man keine Schlussfolgerung formulieren können. Wohl aber Hypothesen, die man mit der Fragestellung verbindet. [[User:Anna Auguscik|Anna Auguscik]] 16:57, 2 February 2009 (UTC)

*Muss die Bibliography von dem RPO auch das Format 4cm und 3cm Rand und 1,5 cm Zeilenabstand haben? Dann würde sie bei mir nämlich über zwei Seiten gehen.

Talk:BM7 - Introduction to Literary and Cultural Studies - Research Paper Outline

2009-02-12T21:21:28Z

Conni:

==Student Questions==
*Ist es auch möglich eine Frage wie die Rolle des Schwans in P. Kavanaghs Sonnet zu behandeln?
::An sich kann man jede Fragestellung behandeln. Dabei muss klar werden, ob es von Interesse ist dies zu tun. Welche Relevanz hat die Frage für die Forschung? Was ist der Erkenntnisgewinn? Gibt es darüber eine öffentliche Diskussion? Sollte es eine geben? Und wollen Sie eine solche Diskussion ins Leben rufen?
::''Ein'' Symbol in ''einem'' Sonett scheint etwas eng gegriffen. Kommt der Schwan in Kavanaghs Dichtung öfter vor? Welche Funktion hat dieses "Symbol"? Gibt es andere Elemente deren symbolische Interpretation problematisiert wird? Womöglich dient das Nachdenken darüber, sich mit der weiterführenden Frage zu beschäftigen (Vergleich mit anderen Gedichten). -- [[User:Anna Auguscik|Anna Auguscik]] 18:11, 21 January 2009 (UTC)

*Sollen wir denn auch eine Schlussfolgerung formulieren?
::Ohne einer Analyse, wird man keine Schlussfolgerung formulieren können. Wohl aber Hypothesen, die man mit der Fragestellung verbindet. [[User:Anna Auguscik|Anna Auguscik]] 16:57, 2 February 2009 (UTC)

Muss die Bibliography von dem RPO auch das Format 4cm und 3cm Rand und 1,5 cm Zeilenabstand haben? Dann würde sie bei mir nämlich über zwei Seiten gehen.

Talk:2008-09 BM2 Introduction to Anglophone Cultural Studies, Part 1

2009-01-21T10:15:58Z

Conni:

Ich hatte im 1. Semester die glorreiche Idee BM2 zu schieben. Als "Ersti" hatte ich das Gefühl nicht alles gut genug schaffen zu können, wenn ich mich auf soviel konzentriere. Nun kann ich leider viele Aufbaumodule nicht belegen, weil BM2 vorausgesetzt wird. Ist es möglich wenn ich jetzt mit dem BM2 anfange parallel so ein Blockseminar im Februar zu besuchen? Dann hätte ich ja wenigstens den 1. Teil vom BM2 schon mal. Ärgerlich. Da habe ich mich wohl im 1. Semester verkalkuliert.<br>
:...schon per e-mail geregelt, machen wir, auch im Interesse des Blockseminars. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 15:25, 27 August 2008 (CEST)
::Dann wäre eine für alle sichtbare Antwort an dieser Stelle sinnvoll (gewesen), da ich mir denken kann, dass diese Frage mehrere Studenten haben (und hier gucken, ob es eine Antwort darauf gibt). Deshalb fake edit. [[User:Verena Engelhardt|Verena Engelhardt]] 15:26, 27 August 2008 (CEST)

Wo steht eigentlich nochmal die Info welche chapter wir jedesmal vorbereiten sollen?

----
Die Fragen am Ende der letzten Vorlesung haben es wieder einmal gezeigt; Keiner weiß, was man denn genau lernen muss für die Klausur.
Und irgendwie habe ich pers. auch den Eindruck dass zwischen den Lektoren keine Übereinstimmung bezüglich dieser Frage herrscht.
Das ganze wirkt dann auch auf die Tutoriengestaltung, und mittlerweile sind es nur noch ca. 10 Personen, die erscheinen(Freitags zumindest).[[User:Dimitri.simons|Dimitri.simons]] 17:41, 2 December 2008 (UTC)

:Hier eine kurze Vorinformation zum written test
:* Dauer: 60 Minuten + etwas Reservezeit
:* Teil 1: (30 Minuten) kurze Faktenfragen, möglicherweise multiple choice, die in die verschiedenen Bereiche gehen und Breite des gemeinwissens erfassen
:* Teil 2: Zwei Fragen (Bearbeitungszeit je 15 Minuten) auszuwählen aus sechs Fragen (zu verschiedenen Gebieten der Vorlesung) - mit dem Ziel, Raum für eine knappe Darstellung von Zusammenhänge respektive Argumentationen zu geben

:Vorbereitung: Wir werden in der Sitzung zum 17. Dezember zwei Listen ausgeben. Die erste besteht aus Daten und Ereignissen, die Euch etwas sagen müssen, die zweite, nennt Personen, über deren historische Bedeutung ihr ein knappes Bild haben solltet. Ihr könnt die Informationen aus den Powerpoint Folien beziehen oder aus Medien wie Wikipedia.
:Die sechs eingehenderen Fragen, aus denen Ihr zwei auszuwählen habt, um 15 Minuten darüber zu schreiben nehmen Fragen auf, die in den Präsentationen gestellt wurden. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 16:16, 3 December 2008 (UTC)

Ich lerne grade die 4 Seiten Daten auswendig für Mittwoch (kann man damit 50 % knacken?) und verstehe folgenden Satz nicht:
"1641 Star Chamber abolished history of press wars ensues and goes until today"

Also ich habe auch alles auswendig gelernt und in den Tutorien hieß es wohl, dass es wirklich 50/50 gewichtet wird. Aber wer sagt, dass du diese 50% dann auch wirklich richtig machst?!? Ich hab übrigens auch die Probleme mit 1641. Das hab ich einfach ausgelassen. Ich hoffe mal, dass ich beim 2.Teil noch ein bisschen Punkte rausholen kann, aber ich denke mal, dass diese Klausur allgemein nicht wirklich gut ausfallen wird. Alle lernen bis zum Umfallen, aber ob sie wirklich das richtige lernen, weiß keiner....
__ __
/` \/ `\
_ \ / _
/` '.'. .'.' `\
'. _'.\/.'_ .'
.'` .'/\'. `'.
\._.'.' '.'._./
/ \
\._/\_./

Viel Glück! (Klappt schon!) [[User:Benjamin Tabart|Benjamin Tabart]] 09:58, 14 January 2009 (UTC)

Wann bekommen wir eigentlich unsere Ergebnisse von der Klausur und wie? lg

==Timeline==

===Prehistoric Period===
*700,000 years ago: human settlements on later British soil, the later British Islands still part of the continental shelf. Several several glacial and interglacial periods in which hunter-gatherers appear and reappear
* 70,000 and 10,000 years ago: last ice age, extreme cold snap between 22,000 and 13,000 years ago
* 7500 to 6000 years ago: Meltwater causes [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_level_rise sea level rise] of 120 m, and separation of Ireland from Britsh mainland, and of British isles from continental shelf
* 3100-1600 BC [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonehenge Stonehenge] in use. Similar constructs of megalith culture can be found all over western Europe
* 500-50 BC predominance of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celt Celtic] culture.

===0-1000===
* 43-410 Romanisation of Celts in modern England (122/142 Hadrian’s and Antonine walls against northern Picts) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Hadrians_Wall_map.png map]
* 410 Romans leave Great Britain, power vacuum, waves of Saxons, Angels and Jutes found kingdoms on British soil
* 597 Beginning of Christianisation under St. Augustin
* 793 Lindisfarne raided by Vikings, next three centuries: Viking settlements in northern England

===1000-1500===
* 1014-1042 Danish Rule, line of succession ends with son of Canute the Great
* 1066 Battle of Hastings, Franco-Norman rule under William I
* 1215 John Lackland has to grant the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_Carta Magna Carta] to avoid conflict with English barons, parliament and civil rights strengthened
* 1290 Jews expelled from England
* 1380-1400 Geoffrey Chaucer, ''Canterbury Tales''
* 1339-1453 Hundred Years War against France, rise of English Nationalism
* 1453-1487 War of the Roses: Dynastic Conflict
* 1473 Caxton's press produces first printed book in London
* 1497-1583 Newfoundland claimed by England, several colonies founded on East coast in competition with Spanish, French, and Dutch colonisation

===1500-1599===
* 1534 Henry VIII Establishes Anglican Church
* 1553-1558 rule of Mary I (1516-1558), Catholicism re-established almost 300 dissenters burned at the stake
* 1560 Reformation in Scotland, organised by John Knox, Presbiterian, Calvinist Church
* 1558–1603 Elizabethan era, Protestantism reestablished, 1590-1611 Shakespeare's plays
* 1585-1604 Conflicts with Spain (Francis Drake and the Armada) over Naval Supremacy and Spanish Netherlands (modern Belgium) and Ireland

===1600-1699===
* 1600 East India Company founded, several similar shareholder companies follow with trade monopolies granted by crown. Colonialisation basically achieved by commercial enterprises protected by English/ British crown.
* 1611 King James Bilbe Authorised Version
* 1640-1660 Civil War and Commonwealth
* 1641 Star Chamber abolished, strict censoring of the press ends, the press becomes the main platform of the political debate
* 1649 Charles I beheaded (January 30)
* 1651 Thomas Hobbes ''Leviathan'' published (plea for absolute monarchy and subordination of religion, perceived as an atheist's theory of state by all sides)
* 1660-1689 Restoration of monarchy, libertine court, wars between England and Netherlands as strongest naval powers
* 1666 London destroyed in Great Fire
* 1688/89 Glorious Revolution William of Orange (Dutch) ascends throne, Bill of Rights, new press laws, new laws on religious toleration: 1690 John Locke, ''On Toleration'' (1690), ''Two Treatises of Government'' (1690), ''Essay Concerning Humane Understanding'' (1690)

===1700-1799===
* 1707 Act of Union: England/ Wales/ Scotland become one Kingdom (a union existed de facto since James I and the Stuart ascension)
* 1719 Daniel Defoe ''Robinson Crusoe'' (author stood on pilory in 1703 after publishing his ''Shortest Way with Dissenters'' (1702).
* 1720 South Sea Bubble, Walpole strengthened ans political manager, status of prime minister evolves
* 1754 Battle of Plassey (India), British East India Company exercises military power and assumes administrative functions in India
* 1756-1763 The Seven Years' War: Ends France position as a major colonial power in the Americas
* 1770 James Cook's Expedition
* 1774-1776 USA [http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/declare.asp Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776]
* 1750s-1830s Industrial revolution with use of steam energy, second phase 1830-1900 with new energy supplies, growing infrastructure and Industrialization of USA.

===1800-1899===
* 1810s-1830s riots against mechanisation
* 1837-1901 Rule of Queen Victoria
* 1848 Karl Marx' ''The Communist Manifesto'' published, Marx moves to England (1849) where he works til his death in 1883
* 1857 Indian Rebellion, 1858: British Crown assumes direct administration over India
* 1859 Charles Darwin ''Origin of Species'' published. Evolution theory rises against short history of Earth (as created in 4404 BC by God). Impact on cultural theory: Human culture evolved slowly. Efforts taken to speed up developments.
* 1861-1865 American Civil War
* 1869 after 11 years of work (based on the forced work of over 30,000 people), Suez Canal opened. 1880s Begin of British Colonisation of Africa
* 1882 The "Chinese Exclusion Act"
* 1890s-1918 Enfranchisement of women in Great Britain, USA: 1918
* 1895-: silent era of film; 1927: beginning of sound era of film (with ''The Jazz Singer'')
* 1899-1902 Philippine-American War, invasion, ends with Fall of First Philippine Republic, land acquisition by American companies, destabilisation of Catholic church and long term efforts to introduce English as lingua franca

===1900 till Today===
* 1914-1918, WWI, 1917: US enters the war
* 1920s onwards: radio broadcastings; history of radio, see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_radio
* 1928: television service begins in the US, 1929, television service begins in the UK; households with a TV set in the US: 0,5 % in 1946, more than 50% in 1954. Reading suggestion: Tichi, Cecelia. ''Electronic Hearth: Creating American Television Culture''. New York & Oxford: Oxford UP, 1991.
* 1929-1931 US-American economic crisis affects the whole world
* 1930s USA: New Deal economic recovery and reform programs
* 1939-1945 World War II, Allied Nations against Germany, Italy, Japan. Use of first Atom bombs against Hiroshima and Nagasaki August 1945
* 1950s-1990s several US American Interventions in Latin America
* 1950-1953 Korean War of North against South Korea
* 1964 USA: Civil Rights Act
* 1965 USA: Immigration and “Naturalization Act”
* 1959-1975 Vietnam War with pre-history of confrontations involving Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam and European powers
* 1970s GB: Economic crisis
* 1973: The United Kingdom becomes a member of the European Union
* 1979-1989 United States CIA program to arm the Afghan mujahideen during the Soviet war in Afghanistan
* 1989 Salman Rushdie, ''Satanic Verses'' published. Ensuing confrontation between religious republic of Iran and secular west.
* 1990-1991 Gulf War after Iraq attacked Kuwait
* 2001/9/11 terrorist attack on World Trade centre
* 2001-2008 War in Afghanistan
* 2003-2008 Iraq War

==People==
Task: retrieve birth- and death-dates (bring names into correct order), link into Wikipedia, and write a one or two sentence statement on historical importance

* Thomas Beckett (c. 1118 – 29 December 1170) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Becket]- Had a conflict with King Henry II about the rights and privileges of the church; he was assassinated by followers of the king and is known as a saint and martyr by the Roman Catholic and the Anglican Church.
* John of England 1166-1216 ("John Lackland")[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lackland_of_England] Was the King of England from 6 April 1199-1216 . He is known as the enemy of Robin Hood but especially for the Magna Carta [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_Carta], a document limiting his power which is popularly thought as an early first step in the evolution of modern democracy.
* John Wycliffe (1320s-1384)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Wycliffe]Was an English theologian, an early dissident in the Roman Catholic Church during the 14th century and is considered the founder of the Lollard movement, a precursor to the Protestant Reformation. Wycliffe was also an early advocate for translation of the Bible and completed his translation in the year 1382, now known as the Wycliffe Bible.
* Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VIII]Was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. He is known for his political struggles with Rome which ultimately led to the separation of the Anglican Church from the Roman hierarchy, the Dissolution of the Monasteries, and establishing himself as the Supreme Head of the Church of England. [http://tudors.crispen.org/]
* Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_I]Was the illegitimate daughter of Henry VIII but nevertheless became Queen of England on 17 November 1558. One of her first moves as queen was to support the establishment of an English Protestant church, of which she became the Supreme Governor. This Elizabethan Religious Settlement held firm throughout her reign and later evolved into today's Church of England. She never married and became famous for her virginity.
* Oliver Cromwell (25 April 1599 Old Style– 3 September 1658 Old Style) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell]He was one of the commanders of the New Model Army which defeated the royalists in the English Civil War. He is best known for his involvement in making England into a republican Commonwealth and for his later role as Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1653 until his death in 1658.
* John Locke (29 August 1632 – 28 October 1704) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Locke]Was an English philosopher and is widely regarded as one of the most influential Enlightenment thinkers who influenced Voltaire and Rousseau, as well as the American revolutionaries. This influence is reflected in the American Declaration of Independence. Locke defined the "self" through a continuity of "consciousness" and maintained that people are born without innate ideas.
* Adam Smith (5 June 1723 – 17 July 1790) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Smith]Was a Scottish moral philosopher, a pioneer of political economy and one of the key figures of the Scottish Enlightenment. Smith book The Wealth of Nations, is considered his magnum opus and the first modern work of economics. Smith is widely cited as the father of modern economics.
* Abraham Lincoln (12 February 1809 – 15 April 1865)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln]was the sixteenth President of the United States (elected in 1861). He successfully led the country through the American Civil War, saving the Union and ending slavery. He issued his Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 and promoted the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution. He became the first president who was assassinated in 1865 and is seen as a martyr for the ideal of national unity.
* Charles Darwin (12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Darwin] was an English naturalist, who realised and demonstrated that all species of life have evolved over time from common ancestors through the process he called natural selection. The fact that evolution occurs became accepted by the scientific community and the general public in his lifetime and had a great impact on cultural theory.
* Karl Marx (5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Marx]credited as the founder of communism. Marx argued that capitalism, like previous socioeconomic systems, will produce internal tensions which will lead to its destruction. Just as capitalism replaced feudalism, capitalism itself will be displaced by communism, a stateless, classless society which emerges after a transitional period, the 'dictatorship of the proletariat'.
* Queen Victoria (24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Victoria]Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the first Empress of India until her death. Her reign as Queen lasted 63 years and seven months. The period centred on her reign is known as the Victorian era. This era represented the height of the Industrial Revolution and was marked by a great expansion of the British Empire.
* Thomas Alva Edison (11 February 1847 – 18 October 1931)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Alva_Edison]Was an American inventor and businessman who developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph and the long-lasting, practical electric light bulb.
* Cecil Rhodes (5 July 1853 – 26 March 1902) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cecil_Rhodes]was an English-born businessman, mining magnate and politician in South Africa. He was an ardent believer in colonialism and was the founder of the state of Rhodesia, which was named after him and became Zambia and Zimbabwe respectively. Rhodes wanted to expand the British Empire because he believed that the Anglo-Saxon race was destined to greatness.
* Henry Ford (30 July 1863 – 7 April 1947)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Ford]was the American founder of the Ford Motor Company and father of modern assembly lines used in mass production. His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and the American industry. As owner of the Ford Company he became one of the richest and best-known people in the world
* Mahatma Gandhi (2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahatma_Ghandhi]was a major political and spiritual leader of India and the Indian independence movement and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, for expanding women's rights, for building religious and ethnic amity, for ending untouchability, for increasing economic self-reliance and for achieving Swaraj—the independence of India from foreign domination.
* Nelson Mandela (born 18 July 1918)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Mandela]was the first President of South Africa to be elected in a fully representative democratic election, serving in the office from 1994–1999. Before his presidency, Mandela was an anti-apartheid activist and because of that Mandela had to serve 27 years in prison, spending many of these years on Robben Island. In South Africa and internationally, Mandela's opposition to apartheid made him a symbol of freedom and equality for many.
* Henry Kissinger (27 May 1923)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Kissinger]He served as National Security Advisor and later concurrently as Secretary of State in the Richard Nixon administration. Kissinger emerged unscathed from the Watergate scandal, and maintained his powerful position when Gerald Ford became President.
* Martin Luther King, Jr.(15 January 1929 – 4 April 1968)[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther_King]was an African American clergyman, activist and prominent leader in the American civil rights movement. His main legacy was to secure progress on civil rights in the United States and he is frequently referenced as a human rights icon today. King's efforts led to the 1963 March on Washington, where King delivered his “I Have a Dream” speech. There, he raised public consciousness of the civil rights movement and established himself as one of the greatest orators in U.S. history. King was assassinated on April 4, 1968, in Memphis, Tennessee.

:spannende Arbeit! --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 09:56, 22 December 2008 (UTC)