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Talk:2007-08 AM Le Morte Darthur (1485)

2008-03-20T17:39:50Z

Inga:

==Just detected this page...==

Hi Olaf,
just stumbled upon this course of yours and incidentally I am just listening to the Connecticut Yankee as an audio book. As far as I have checked it is a completely unaltered reading; don't know if this is helpful or not - personally I sometimes like audiobooks while running or driving to university or doing whatever that requires only part of my concentration: http://librivox.org/a-connecticut-yankee-in-king-arthurs-court-by-mark-twain/
If you do this course and "old stuents" are permitted entry you can almost count on me.
--[[User:Nico Zorn|Nico Zorn]] 11:41, 7 July 2007 (CEST)
: I thought you would like it - and of course you are welcome (who is a greater expert on the fantasy world that book created?) --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 12:42, 7 July 2007 (CEST)
Oh, I believe there are some ;) If you would like to include a recent novel, "Knight Live" might be interesting. It basically tells the story of Arthur being awaken from his sleep in our modern time and now going to help mankind...by first candidating as the mayor of New York. Of course Morgan, Medraud, Merlin, Guinevere, Lancelot and lots of other characters eomwhere got accross the times as well... I would have a German revised edition at my place. (The author recently re-worked the novel since the original was sold out and he felt like he should include some of the more recent developments - the politics of America were hopelessly outdated for example), cf: [http://www.amazon.de/Knight-Life-Peter-David/dp/0441010776/ref=sr_1_1/303-0725016-3608218?ie=UTF8&s=books-intl-de&qid=1183808755&sr=1-1 Amazon] Not the best spoof but an amusing one and pretty recent. (But the Morte and the Yankee are already pretty long, of course) --[[User:Nico Zorn|Nico Zorn]] 13:48, 7 July 2007 (CEST)
::My present problem is more to create a mixture of sessions on the text and its contexts... --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 19:57, 7 July 2007 (CEST)

The Project Gutenberg etext of the Connecticut Yankee might not really be the best text - but it surely has some nice scans of an 1889 edition and might perchance be worth a look: http://www.gutenberg.org/files/86/86-h/86-h.htm --[[User:Nico Zorn|Nico Zorn]] 22:31, 10 July 2007 (CEST)

:beautiful - yes we should read the Yankee in the seminar. If only I had an idea how to get both things done: a seminar on the original text and on these later materials - which will not break into two halves. It might be done by themes - a series of 12 topics which have, however, to be chosen in a way that they do allow a continuous discussion of the 1485 text. Each topic should be well chosen to deal with two new books of the Caxton-text in each session - Caxton's text consists of 21 books. So it could be magic and witchcraft in one session focusing on books 8+9 (have not read them so far) and on let us say Twain's text. Nationalism and books 10-11 and a focus on this and that sort of additional material...

:If only I had time - I am really looking forward to reading the Caxton text... --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 10:54, 11 July 2007 (CEST)

==Regarding a "classic" of Arthurian Fantasy==
I have done some inquiry (by simply asking around on what people who are no strangers to fantasy) would consider a classic of Arthurian fantasy. 
The short answer: there is none. 
The slightly longer answe: There is no real "classic", unless you count Mallory's Morte d'Arthur (which fits the classic part... the fantasy part is not that sure). It seems more like "every Fantasy author must write an Arthurian novel or story" [http://www.suite101.com/article.cfm/fantasy_worlds/18489/1 (very short and cursory article)] one day or another. This is taking "arthurian novel" in a very broad sense. It does show, at the very least, that Arthur is still a topic in fantasy today; even in non-Arthurian fantasy there are some traces of the legends surrounding the Round Table. One can observe similar developments in fantasy-related metal and other kinds of music (Blind Guardian: Mordred's Song; A Past and Future Secret...). What is left if there is no one classic? Lots of different interpretations. 
[http://www.amazon.co.uk/I-Am-Mordred-Hodder-Silver/dp/0340749598/ref=sr_1_3/203-1060121-8640731?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1184867601&sr=8-3 I am Mordred] puts, as can be guessed, a lot of emphasis on Mordred and his sight, presenting him in a more positive light than usual. 
[http://www.amazon.de/Mists-Avalon-Avalon/dp/0140177191/ref=sr_1_1/303-0725016-3608218?ie=UTF8&s=books-intl-de&qid=1185136405&sr=1-1 Mists of Avalon] the perhaps most contemporary "classic" Arthurian fantasy similarly shifts focus by using Morgaine's (Morgan Le Fay) and Gwenhwyfar's point of view. 
[http://www.amazon.co.uk/Excalibur-Novel-Arthur-Warlord-Chronicles/dp/0140232877/ref=sr_1_8/203-1060121-8640731?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1184867998&sr=1-8 Excalibur] allegedly puts a more realistic grip onto the story (cannot vouch for that - did not read it myself.
and so on... Moreover, many of those novels are not stand-alone but part of a trilogy or an even larger series of novels. I am afraid it is impossible to find a real classic. The best move might be to have students short presentations abut Arthurian Fantasies they think are classics or original/worthwhile for some reason or the other and maybe read one standalone AF. The Mordred book would be acceptable for length (one book, 192p.; no series) but has the disadvantage(?) of being a children's book. 
--[[User:Nico Zorn|Nico Zorn]] 22:40, 22 July 2007 (CEST)

==Verlegung des Seminars==

Ich frage mich gerade, ob das Seminar verlegt werden muß, da ich per e-mail von einem interessierten die Nachricht erhielt, der andere Modulteil (Geleukens) liefe zeitgleich. Muß das noch checken. Sagt mir, wenn es da Terminpräferenzen gibt - oder must nots. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 12:52, 23 July 2007 (CEST)
:Das Seminar wurde schließlich auf Freitag Nachmittag, 16:00-18:00 verlegt - meine Entschuldigung dafür und meinen Dank an [[User:Rustam Usmanov|Rustam Usmanov]], der uns auf die Terminüberschneidung aufmerksam machte. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 16:06, 21 October 2007 (CEST)

==Organisatorisches: Text, Lese- und Filmabende==

Liebe Seminarteilnehmer/innen

40 Teilnehmer haben sich mittlerweile auf StudIP eingetragen - soviele werden das Seminar wohl nicht besuchen wollen. Mit dem Druckzentrum der Uni handelte ich eine günstige Option aus, wie Ihr an den Text kommen könnt: Um die 10 Euro müßte uns das Exemplar kosten, das als kleines Buch den Caxton Text anbieten wird. Ich werde die 40 Exemplare, die ich drucken ließ, ab Anfang der Woche im Büro haben.

Wer massive Angst vor der Sprache hat, kann das Buch für sich vorab auf Deutsch lesen - Ihr solltet im Seminar jedoch soweit kommen, daß Ihr mit dem Original umgehen könnt.

Ich entschloß mich, die Freitag Abende, die immer Wochenausklang mit Seminaren waren, an unser Artus-Seminar anzuschließen. Wer will, kann den Abend in der Tannenkampstr. 12 am großen Eßtisch verlängern. Den ersten Abend will ich für den Text und die fremde Sprache nutzen - reihum laut lesen. Die Abende werden regulär mit gemeinsamem Kochen und Essen enden. Nach den ersten Abenden, die das Leseverstehen verbessern müßten, sollten wir zu Artusfilmen übergehen, und zusehen, möglichst viele davon anzuschauen. Wer also speziell vor der Sprache Angst hat, sollte sich den kommenden Freitag frei halten für eine gemeinsame Lektüre.

Kommunikation über das Seminar laßt bitte hier laufen. Das hat den Vorteil das andere von Euren Fragen profitieren können,

Gruß --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 16:02, 21 October 2007 (CEST)

== alte Wörter übersetzen ==
Hab mich gerade mal an die ersten Kapitel gesetzt und bin erstaunt wieviel man doch (im Groben) versteht. Gibt es trotzdem irgendwo eine Übersetzungshilfe, bei der man diese alten Wörter nachschlagen kann (am besten natürlich online)?? Ich werd mich zumindest mal auf die Suche begeben, aber vielleicht kennst ihr ja irgendne Adresse--[[User:Sebastian Henatsch|Sebastian Henatsch]] 14:28, 27 October 2007 (CEST)

Und siehe da, hab auch schon wat gefunden: [http://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/med/lookup.html The electronic Middle English Dictionary]

:Du hast hinten mein grobes Wörterverzeichnis gesehen? Man lernt, denke ich auch, recht schnell, wie das jeweilige heutige Wort aussähe - und eigentlich ist Mittelenglisch für uns (Platt-)Deutsche sowieso viel einfacher als heutiges Englisch. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 15:14, 27 October 2007 (CEST)

::[http://www.amandahopkins.co.uk/metrans.htm Amanda Hopkins] (University of Warwick) hat auch eine nette Seite zusammengestellt mit Lernmaterialien fürs Mittelenglische - aufgrund des dortigen Moduls fokussiert auf SGGK (also mit stärkeren skandinavischen Einflüssen) und Chaucer, generell auch eher älter und weniger auf der Grenze zu Early Modern English Einige Links sind dort zu finden zu Hörproben - mit vsch. Dialekt. Mehr Links rund um Romaunces habe ich noch in einer Liste gespeichert aber gerade keinen Zugriff. --[[User:Nico Zorn|Nico Zorn]] 15:37, 27 October 2007 (CEST)
:::Schließlich ist da das OED - auf dem Campus online oder über die National-Lizenz online, das Erst-Belege aller Wörter sammelt... http://dictionary.oed.com/
::::nur leider ist das OED NICHT bei dein National-Lizenzen mit dabei....[http://www.nationallizenzen.de/angebote] oder gibts da noch ne andere Lizenzen-Seite?--[[User:Sebastian Henatsch|Sebastian Henatsch]] 18:10, 10 November 2007 (CET)

== Notes, Thoughts, Hints &c. ==
Manchmal stolpert man ja über unerwartet Verbindungen zu einem Seminar zurück und greift unweigerlich zur Lektüre. Als "Erweiterte Artuslektüre" sei auf [http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/4090 From Ritual to Romance] von Jessie L. Weston hingewiesen, die sich insbes. mit dem Wasteland Motiv auseinander setzt (Buch 17.iii; auch Buch 2 f. d. 'Dolorous Stroke') und wiederum T.S. Eliot angeregt hat [[The Waste Land]] zu schreiben. --[[User:Nico Zorn|Nico Zorn]] 21:57, 18 November 2007 (CET)

Just now, I thought about why in the Arthur-tales neither landscape, faces nor weather are described. And I thought, what if, Malory´s head was just full of ideas, which had to get out at all costs. Just think! Isn’t that what you yourself can imagine, preferable to some book or plot or boring essay, that has nothing special to say at all? I am not saying all books are boring, but there are certain genres which repeat the same motive quite often. And a person may choose to invent his or her own stories, not because he or she wants to be read by others, but because he /she simply enjoys doing it. And one does not need to describe faces or surroundings, because he/she can see them in their head – better and clearer than you could ever describe them. There’s no need to be accurate, but a need for the story to develop, to create new food for your mind, or release energy. Now, this is all very speculative. One could ask, why should you waste expensive paper, why should you go through so much trouble? But if you suppose, that people didn’t change much over the centuries, then you can also suppose that they are creative and need a kind of chimney for their ideas to be released, especially if they are in prison (see wikipedia article on Thomas Malory),where time stretches and you might want to escape somehow. And you are alone and have no one to talk to, or if you have, it´s not the kind of company you would wish for. But paper listens and if you write something down, you can cease to think of it, you feel that you don’t betray you thoughts, by ignoring them, but after writing them down, you either make room for new thoughts or develop a peace of mind, at least for a while. In prison or any miserable circumstances really, you have nothing left, but your own thoughts and your honour. And if you are a criminal, you even lost the honour part. What do you think?
This approach is not very scientific – but Malory’s text isn’t either. [[User:Johanna Ehrhardt|Johanna Ehrhardt]] 22:49, 28 November 2007 (CET)

Besteht die Möglichkeit, für die Hausarbeit auch die Norton Critical Edition zu benutzen?
Liebe Grüße [[User:Inga|Inga]]

Talk:2007-08 AM Le Morte Darthur (1485)

2008-03-20T17:38:46Z

Inga: /* Notes, Thoughts, Hints &c. */

Le Morte Darthur Book 10

2007-12-07T14:11:59Z

Inga:

{{Template:Malory 21 Books}}

Chapter 1:
Arthur wants to get to know Tristam’s name and what it’s all about with that shield and tells him to fight with him if he wouldn’t do so. So they fight and Arthur gets hurt. That is the reason why Ywain gets wroth and wants to fight against Tristam, too. Then he gets hurt, too.
Afterwards Tristam rides into a forest and comes to a castle where he sees 1 man fighting against 9 other men and in his opinions the man fighting on his own is Palomydes. Then he tells the others that it’s not honourable to fight against only one person The one of them tells him to be Breunis Saume Pité and wants him to go away, but Tristam stays and helps the one man.

Chapter 2:
Then the two of them fight against the rest and Palomydes gets wounded. Then he thanks Tristam to have saved his life. Then follows a conversation about the fact that they are enemies to each other but it doesn’t matter anymore up from now. Then they decide to meet in two weeks at a special place so that Palomydes gets the chance to fight against him without being wounded. Palomydes explains how he came into the fight against the 9 knights (he wanted to fight against Breunis Saume Pité, because he has slain the damsel that was under his will). Then they ride together further into the forest where they see a knight sleeping under a tree. As they wake him he starts to fight against them, so that that fall from there horses. Then he goes away. Afterwards Tristam wants to follow that knight but Palomydes needs some rest. So they decide to departe and ride different ways and to meet in two weeks.

Chapter 3:
So Arthur follows the knight and comes to a place where he sees a lady weeping on a dead corpus. Then she tells him that he has been slain by a knight that hates knights of Arthur. Then he asks for her husbands name and she tells him that is was Sir Galardoun. Then he continues riding and meets Gawayne and Bleoberys who tell him that they have been hurt by the same knight, too and Tristam tells them that he has met that knight, too. So Tristam decides to search him. As he rides away, he meets Sir Kay and Dinadam who tell him that have fought with that knight, too. After that conversation he rides away and finds a place to rest for six days.

Chapter 4:
Sir Tristam meets two knights who want to fight with him, but he doesn’t want to, because he is afraid of getting wounded and not being able to fight against Palomydes in two days. So he tells them that he cannot fight against them, but they don’t care and so they fight. Tristam is much better them so that the two of them fall off their horses and Tristam rides away. Then they follow him, because they want to fight against him again, but Tristam explains who he is and what the name of the knight is, he wants to fight with. Then they are very impressed and glad to have met Tristam, because he is a very good knight.

Chapter 5:
Sir Tristam rides to the place where he wants to meet Palomydes (a long time ago Merlyn prognosticated that at that place the two best knights of Arthur’s time would fight against each other) and then a knight appears and they fight against each other without knowing who they are. The Gouvernail and Launcelot’s knave are very afraid of one of them could kill the other. Then Tristam and Lancelot tell each other their names and are very shocked and upset, because they admire each other very much. Then they go to Camelot, where they meet Sir Gawayne and Sir Gaheris.

Chapter 6:
Then they bring Sir Tristam to King Arthur’s court and meet Arthur who is very happy that Tristam is back. Then Tristam tells him what happened and they talk about Lancelot who fought anonymous, because he didn’t want to be identified as somebody from Arthur’s court. Then King Arthur makes Tristam a knight of the Round Table and Tristam promises to stay there.

Chapter 7:
King Mark is very wroth about Tristam being that successful and that there is still so much love between him and Isolde. So he sends some scouts to find something out about what he is doing. Then Mark rides with two of his knights –Besules and Amant- to England. Then Mark asks a knight where to find Tristam and he tells him that he is in Camelot and known as a very good knight and why it is so. Then Mark tells his knights that he wants to kill Tristam, but they don’t want to and so he kills Besules. Then Amant and the knave are very wroth and decide not to fight on Mark’s side any longer and to tell Arthur about it.

Le Morte Darthur Book 9

2007-12-07T14:09:12Z

Inga:

Book 9

Chapter1:
A young man comes to Athur's court and asks to be knighted. He wears a “ryche clothe of gold” that sits awkwardly upon him, as if it was struck by a sword. He gives his name as Breunor le noyre, but is called “cote male tayle” by the seneshal in mockery. As the king asks him why he wears that coat, the would-be knight replies that it belonged to his father, a noble knight, who was struck dead in his sleep by an old enemy, wearing that coat at the time of his death. Since then he wears the coat as a reminder of his fathers death until he has taken his revenge. Sir Lamorak and Sir Gaherys speak in favour of the aspirant, claiming that he is of good countenance and may well become a worthy knight just as Sir Lancelor du lake. The stranger is allowed to stay at Athur's court and saves Queen Gueneuer's life when she is attacked by a lion during a hunting trip. Athur rewards him by knighting him and the new knight asks to be called by no other name than “La cote male tayle” from now on.

Chapter 2:
A damsel comes to Athur's court, carrying a “great black shield with a white hand holding a sword emblazoned upon it. This shield, she reports, belongs to a knight who, while already dying after a duel with another knight, asked her to bring the shield to the king's court to call for a noble knight to take the shield and with it the quest that its dying owner was no longer able to fulfil. “Le Cote male tayle” takes the shield and the quest and takes his leave from Arthur to follows the damsel.

Chapter 3:
Sir Kaye orders the king's fool, Sir Dagonet, to dress and arm like a knight and ride after “La cote male tayle”
(LCMT) and challenge him for a joust. The fool does a s he is told and is smitten down from his horse, but the damsel (who now is named Maledysaut) mocks LCMT, that this is his standing at Arthur's court that a fool is sent to joust with him. LCMT encounters two other knights, Sir Bleoberys and Sir Palomydes, both of whom joust with him and throw him out of his saddle but refuse to fight him on foot. Sir Mordred, Gawain's brother, arrives and falls “in the felauship with the damoysel maledysaunt. They come to a castle called Orgulos, where every passing knight has to joust or become either prisoner or leave his horse and harness behind. Two knights come out of the castle and challenge Mordred and LCMT. Mordred is thrown from his horse, but LCMT wounds one knight badly and follows the other into the castle where he slays him.

Chapter 4:
In the castle, LCMT is attacked by a hundred knights. He ushers his horse out of the gate of the castle, to avoid it being slain in the fight. He then puts his back to a wall of a lady's Chamber, determined to rather fight to the death here than endure more rebukes by the damsel Maledysaunt. Meanwhile, the lady, who own the chamber, notices the fight and finds LCMT's horse, tying it to the gate from the outside. She tells LCMT where to find his horse and he fights his way out of the castle, killing twelve knights in the end.

Chapter 5:
Lancelot hears of LCMT's deeds and that he undertook the adventure of the black shield. He tells his fellows that bit was a shame to give to such a young knight a quest that may well lead to his destruction. He rides after LCMT to accompany him. Mordred leaves as he sees Lancelot arriving. Whenever the damsel rebukes LCMT, Lancelot answers for him. The damsel stops rebuking LCMT and rebukes Lancelot instead. While riding with LCMT and the damsel, Lancelot receives a letter (delivered by yet another damsel) from Tritstan, in which Tristan asks him to excuse him from the weeding of Isould. Lancelot leaves LCMT and the damsel to oversee that letter and to write another one to Tristan. Meanwhile, LCMT and the damsel arrive at a castle called Pendragon, where they are met by six knights. They joust with LCMT and take him prisoner. Lancelot, in the meantime, delivers the letter (together with the post-damsel) and then rides after LCMT, meeting, jousting with and beating up another of those bridge-knights, thereby discovering that this one is no other than Nerouens de lyle, who was knighted by Lancelot himself. Nerouens tells Lancelot of a knight with a damsel being taken prisoner in the aforesaid castle.

Chapter 6:
Lancelot rushes to the rescue, butchering the six knights in front of the castle and beating the lord of the castle into submission. The lord is named Bryan des les isles and happens to be a great enemy of Arthur, and hold 30 of Arthur's knights prisoner (including LCMT) who are now set free. LCMT and the damsel understand that their companion and rescuer is none other as Lancelot.

Chapter 7:
The damsel apologises for rebuking Lancelot and reveals that she rebuked LCMT not out of hatred but out of love – fearing for his life because of his youth and, thus, trying to drive him away from her for his own protection. They come to a fortified bridge, where only one of them is allowed to enter. LCMT volunteers and starts to hack his way through the knights he finds on the other side. Tired and wounded from his fights, he then meets an knight called Plenorius and jousts with him. Lancelot and the damsel witness the fight (from the other side?).

Chapter 8:
LCMT sinks down to the earth due to his wounds but his opponent has mercy and takes him to his tower to care for his wounds. Lancelot comes and challenges Plenorius, defeating him and freeing his prisoners, among them the king of Scotland. Plenorius' life is spared and he is asked to join Arthur's knights of the round table.

Chapter 9:
Plenorius and LCMT are made knights of the round table. LCMT is now called by his true naem, Breunes le noyre, and marries the damsel Maledysaunt. The text then says that LCMT and Plenorius both prove to be noble knights of king Arthur and that LCMT avenges his father, “as the frensshe book maketh mencyon”.

Chapter 10:
We leave LCMT and turn our attention to Tristram who is in Brittany. He receives a letter from Isoud, begging him to come to her court.

Chapter 11:
Tristram and Lamorak introduce themselves and decide to end their fight, both offering to be the one to yield. Both swear never to fight each other again.

Chapter 12:
Palomydes, who is on a quest to hunt a strange beast named Glatysaunt, meets Tristram and Lamorak, smiting both of them down and continuing his way without giving them the chance to fight him on foot. Tristram and Lamorak part at a crossing. Lamorak comes to a chapel where he hears Melyagaunce, king Bademagus' son, mourn about his love to queen Gueneuer. Lamorak rides through a forest where he meets two knights laying in waiting for Lancelot, whom they accuse to have slain their brother.

Chapter 13:
Lancelot arrives and the two knight hide. Lamorak calls them cowards and that it is a shame that they take the high order of knighthood. Lamorak meets Melyagaunce again and the two quarrel about the question, who is the most beautiful woman in the world. Mel. Insists on Gueneuer, Lamorak names queen Morgause of Orkney, the mother of Gawaine. They fight. Lancelot arrives and rides between them, demanding them to stop as they are both knights of Arthur.

Chapter 14:
Melagaunce and Lamorak tell Lancelot about their quarrel and then depart in different directions. Lamorak meets Arthur without recognizing him. They joust and Lamorak is thrown from his horse and wounded. Arthur does not stop to fight with him on foot, so they don't recognize each other.

Chapter 15:
Tristram meets Kay, Tor and Brandyles. They joust a little and then become friends.

Chapter 16:
A lady named Annowre, a great sorceress, comes to Arthur in Cardif and asks him to ride with her into a perilous forest. When he accompanies her she brings him to her tower and desires “to lye by him” but the king “remembry ym of his lady and wold not lye by her for no crafte that she coude doo” [MORAL] As the sorceress sees that she can not force her will upon Arthur, she seeks to destroy him. She asks him to ride into the forest with his knights every day to see him slain. The lady of the lake, Nyneue, understands that Arthur is in danger and seeks Tristram to help him. Tristram rescues Arthur but noes not reveal his identity to him.

Chapter 17:
Tristram and Kedius, his companion privately enter king Mark's castle in Cornwall, to see Isoud. There Tristram finds out that Kedius is in love with Isoud and attacks him with his sword. Kedius saves himself by jumping out of the window, but this is notices by king Mark.

Chapter18:
Assuming that his secret entry has been discovered, Tristram arms himself and rides out of the castle openly, thereby encountering and unhorsing the knight Gyngalin, Gawayn's son. Tristram gets mad due to his sorrow and leaves his horse and armour aside and starts to live half naked in the fellowship of herdsmen and shepherds. A lady from a castle sends him a harp and food.

{{Template:Malory 21 Books}}
Chapter 19:
Dagonet, King Arthur's fool, comes across the mad Tristram. Tristram puts him and his squires into a well and humiliates him, while shepherds laught at Dagonet. Tristram runs naked in the woods for half a year. Palomides finds out about Tristram's madness. Kehydius and Palomides set off to look for Tristram. They encounter King Mark. Palomides wants to avenge Tristram and fight Mark, but Mark refuses. Mark and Palomides reconciliate.
Dagonet tries to attack the shephers, but Tristram attacks him and his squire and defeats them. Dagonet goes to King Mark and tells him of the incident. Mark claims that the madman is a Sir Matto le Breune.

Chapter 20:
Sir Andred spreads tumours that Tristram is dead and that he asked Mark to make Andred the lord of the country of de Liones. La Beale Isoud attempts to commit suicide, but she is stopped by King Mark, who puts her in a tower.
Tristram slays the giant Tauleas and rescues Sir Dinant.

Chapter 21:
Dinant informs King Mark of the giant-killing madman. King Mark goes to the forest and finds Tristram lying with a sword at his side. King Mark takes Tristram to Tintagil. Nobody recognises Tristram. Tristram is cared for in the castle. La Beale Isoud goes looking for the strange madman, but when she sees Tristram she doesn't recognise him until her little dog recognises him. La Beale Isoud asks Tristram to leave Cornwall fearing King Mark's rage.

Chapter 22:
Tristram gets banished from Cornwall for 10 years. Sir Dinadan arrives from the court of King Arthur looking for Tristram. Tristram and Dinadan joust, Dinadan is defeated. Dinadan joins Tristram's fellowship. Tristram rebukes King Mark for his ingratitude and leaves.

Chapter 23:
Tristram and Dinadan joust with Bors, Ector, Bleoberis and Driant.
A damosel encounters first Tristram, then the other four knights. The damosel knows of a plot by Morgan le Fay to have Launcelot ambushed and killed by 30 knights. The four knights agree to help the damosel. They promise to be close to the place where the ambush would be to help Launcelot if needed. Tristram promises to help Launcelot as well, but Dinadan fears for his life.
When the four knights see the 30 knights, they do not attack each other. When Tristram arrives, he slays the majority of the 30 knights. Bors invites Tristram to his lodging, but Tristram refuses and keeps his incognito.

Chapter 24:
Tristram and Dinadan come to a castle, where the custom is that they have to fight and defeat two knights to get admitted to the castle. Dinadan fears for his life again, but Tristram insists they fight the two knights. They defeat the knights and get into the castle. Shortly after Palomides and Gaheris arrive at the castle. According to the custom, Tristram and Dinadan hae to fight them now. They joust with the two, but Dinadan refuses to fight on foot. Dinadan leaves the three at the castle and departs, cursing the day he joined Tristram. Tristram overtakes Dinadan and they come to a priory.

Chapter 25:
A knight at the priory, Pellinore, wants to find out Tristram's name and jousts with him. Tristram defeats him. Tristram learns of a great tournament between King Carados of Scotland and the King of Northgalis (North Wales) held at the Castle of Maidens. Tristram jousts with Sir Kay and Sir Sagramore le Desirous and defeats both. Gawaine rescues Tristram from Morgan la Fay's plot to kill Tristram. Morgan la Fay had sent out 30 ladies to lure Tristram and/or Launcelot to a castle where they would be ambushed by 30 knights. Gawaine marvels at Morgan le Fay's immorality and wonders how such an evil person can be a queen.

Chapter 26:
Tristam and Gawaine challenge Morgan le Fay and her 30 knights, but they dare not come out. Gawaine and Tristram encounter Kay and Sagramore. They see Sir Breuse Saunce Piteé chasing a lady to kill her. Gawaine tries to stop him, but he is nearly killed. Tristram attempts to revenge Gawaine, but Breuse gets away. (Tristram's shield of Cornwall is already well-known.)

Chapter 27:
Dame Bragwaine finds Tristram and gives him letters form La Beale Isoud (At first, Bragwaine does not recognise Tristram). Tristram stays with the old knight Sir Pellounes (All the while Tristram keeps his incognito). Pellounes finds out that Sir Persides, his son, has returned home. Sir Launcelot starts bearing the shield of Cornwall. Tristram meets Persides. Persides tells him that he was once defeated by Tristram in Cornwall. Tristram and Persides see Palomides ride to a tournament.

Chapter 28:
Tristram and Persides ride to a tournament to see Palomides' deeds. Persides jousts with Palomides and gets knocked down. Palomides takes advantage of Tristram's unreadiness and brings him down, too. Tristram wants revenge, but Palomides says he will get his revenge the next day at the Castle of Maidens. Dinadan comes by and comments on Tristram's fall. Tristram watches Launcelot joust with Sir Briant of North Wales. Launcelot bears the shield of Cornwall. The King of Norhtgalis demands that Palomides joust with Launcelot.

Chapter 29:
Launcelot jousts with Palomides and defeats him. Launcelot gets attacked by 12 knights of Northgalis who want to prevent him from winning the big tournament. Launcelot defeats the 12 knights, but cannot participate in the first day of the tournament, because he is tired.

Chapter 30:
Tristram gets a black shield with no sign on it to keep his incognito. Tristram and Persides go to the big tournament and join the party of King Carados of Scotland. Persides almost gets slain by Bleoberis and Gaheris of North Wales. Tristram avenges Persides by defeating the two. The King with the Hundred Knights gets angry with Tristram and helps Bleoberis and Gaheris. Tristram gets attacked by his former companion Dinadan. Tristram defeats him, and Dinadan swears never to fight him again. At the end of the day, Tristram gets the prize. He is called the Knight with the Black Shield.

Chapter 36:
Palomydes starts crying and a damsel crosses his way that was sent by Sir Gawayne and his brother to go to the castle, where Mordret – who had been hurt in a fight against Palomydes – and Tristam are. She talks to Palomydes and has a conversation about him with Tristam, as she reaches the castle. Because of the fact that he knows Palomydes as a very good knight, he invites him to come to his castle.
King Arthur speaks with Lancelot about the need of finding Sir Tristam. Then they (Arthur, Lancelot, Ector, Bors, Lucan Ywaine and others) swear on the bible to find him and ride different ways. On his way Lancelot meets a woman who is in fear to be killed by Sir Breuse. So he helps her and makes Breuse fleeing away.

Chapter 37:
Sir Lucas comes to the castle, where Tristam is, too. He tells the porter to be a knight of the Round Table, but the lord of the castle Darras’ nephew Daname doesn’t let him in and wants to fight with him. Then follow some fights:

Daname vs. Lucas (D. falls from his horse)
Dynadam vs. Lucas (D. gets hurt)
Tristam vs. Lucas (L. gets hurt)

Then Ywaine comes to the castle, too and is very wroth about Lucas being hurt. So he fights with Tristam, too and sends Lucas to an abbey for his wounds to be healed.
Meanwhile a damsel tells Darras that a knight with a black shield had killed his three sons. Because of the fact that they find a black shield in Tristam’s chamber, Tristam, Palomydes and Dynadan are put into prison. There Tristam gets very sick.

Chapter 38:
Gaheryse goes to Cornwall and comes to the castle of King Mark, where he is invited to eat. They talk about a tournament where a knight with a black shield was the best of all knights: Tristam. Then the king gets afraid of Tristam to be better than he is. Then the king makes a feast and Ywaine appears, who wants to fight with anyone of them, but nobody wants to, instead of Andret who loses the fight. Then the king wants Dinas to do so and Tristam reminds him to be a knight of the Round Table and isn’t allowed to fight against another member. Then he rides away but is followed by Mark who nearly kills him. Tristam doesn’t recognize him and tells this to Sir Kay who crosses his way. As Andret appears, who is searching for Mark, Sir Kay accuses him to have done that.

Chapter 39:
King Mark asks Sir Kay if he wants to do the best adventure ever and he wants to, but is warned by Gaheris not to do so, but he doesn’t care. So Gaheris waits on a way Kays has to cross and tells him that he shouldn’t go on his own, because Mark has got bad intentions. So the both of them go to a sea, where Mark and Andret appear as anonymous knights and fight with Gaheris and Kay. As Andret falls from his horse he tells them that they are King Mark and Andret. Then Gaheris tells them to be honourless and should be killed, but they don’t kill them and let King Mark swear to be friendly to Tristam if he should meet him.
Then they ride to Logrys where they meet Sir Lancelot, they tell what happened and are very happy.

Chapter 40:
They cannot find Tristam and Bragwaine goes back to Cornwall. Tristam is still in prison and is hated by Palomydes but they decide not to fight. Then a damsel tells them that they are not going to die. Tristam’s sickness gets worse and worse and the damsel recognizes that and tells this to Darras who decides to let him free. Being freed from prison, Tristam and Darras speak about the legitimating of having killed Darras three sons because of the law of knighthood. Then Tristam doesn’t leave the castle until he isn’t ill anymore.

Chapter 41:
Sir Dinadam meets a damsel who is big sorrow because her brother had been killed 5 days ago by Sir Breuris Same Pité and since then has been kept under his will. So he fights with Breuris and makes him flee away.
Then he brings her to a castle she wants to go to and rides away. Then he comes to a castle where Morgan la Fay doesn’t want to let him go away until she gets to know his name and where he comes from. Then he tells her his name and she wants him to attend a tournament and to fight with a special shield (a knight stands on the heads of a queen and a king: could be Lancelot who stands on Guenever’s and Arthur’s heads). She doesn’t want to tell him what the picture on the shield is about.

Chapter 42:
Sir Tristam rides with the shield to the tournament. Meanwhile Sir Hemison – Queen la Fays knight- is willing to follow him, but the queen doesn’t want him to, because she is afraid that he could die. But he doesn’t care, fight against Tristam and nearly dies.
Before he dies he asks a passing knight to bring him to Morgan la Fay, because he wants to speak to her before he dies, but as she comes to him he is already dead.
Tristam comes to a castle where the lord of the castle tells him that Sir Ector has been there, too. Then they talk about who belong to the best knights ever, like Sir Lancelot. But Tristam doesn’t include himself and rides away. Then he comes to a castle with 500 tents.

Chapter 43:
There King Arthur and his knights fight against the Scottish and the Irish and Tristam fights very well, so that king Arthur asks himself who that good knight might be and what his shield is all about. Then a damsel of La Fay appears and tells him that the shield should warn him of dishonour. Then she disappears and nobody knows where she came from. Then Queen Guenever speaks with Sir Ector about her fear according Lancelot, but King Arthur is just interested in who that good knight could be and doesn’t care about the rest. Then he decides not no let him escape and asks him with Ywain from whom he got that shield and he answers that he got it from Arthur’s sister: La Fay.

Le Morte Darthur Book 7

2007-11-30T11:14:45Z

Inga:

Overall summary:
A man comes to court, sustained by two men and asks for 3 gifts. The first is to provide him with food &c. for 12 months when the other gifts will be asks. Kay scornfully gives him the name Beaumains and puts him into the kitchen. One year later a damsel asks for a knight. B. takes up this quest as it “belongs to him”. The damsel tries to get rid of this “kitchen knave” despite his defeating several knights, drawing equal with Lancelot and being made a knight by the latter. Eventually, B. rescues the sister of the damsel. He has some further adventures, defeating knights and in the end marries Lady Lyones, reveals his identity as Gareth of Orkney in the latter parts to select people and to all in the end.

(19) Sir Gareth wants to see Lynet’s sister Lady Lyones and rides to her castle, but she
doesn’t want to let him go inside and tells him that he should wait a year to be with
her, because she wants him to be one of the most popular knights and his love to be proofed. Gareth is very upset and rides away into a forest where he lays himself down to sleep. Meanwhile Lyones sends her brother Sir Gringamore to steal Gareth’s dwarf while he sleeps and to bring the dwarf to his castle, so that they can ask him some questions to find out the truth about him and his live.

(20)After Gringamore has stolen the dwarf and rides away, Gareth recognizes his dwarf
to be stolen from Gringamore and sees him riding away. So he tries to follow him but
he gets out of sight, so that Gareth asks a poor old man from the country that comes along his way, if he had seen a black knight with a dwarf. The man tells him that he
can be found in his castle and explains the way how to get there, but recommends him
not to go there if he wants to , because Gringamore is one of the best knights, but Gareth doesn’t mind. Meanwhile Lady Lyones and Lynet ask the dwarf and he tells them that Gareth is the son a King Arthur. They are very pleased by that. Then Gareth
arrives at the castle and wants to get his dwarf back. After a little conversational fight
with Gringamore he finally gets his dwarf back, because Gringamore, Lynet and Lyones are very grateful for what he had done for them.

(21) Sir Gareth enters the castle and he and Lady Lyones fall in love with each other while
spending much time together when eating and playing. Gringamore tells Gareth that
Her sister loves him and he is welcome in the castle as often and as long as he wishes
to. After that Gareth kisses her lady and she admits that she actually is the Lady of the
Castle Peryllous and send Gringamore to steal his dwarf.

(22) Lyones is so happy about being with Gareth that she calls her sister to come to them,
because she shared a lot of adventures with him. Then Lyones and Gareth promise to
love each other and make a plan to meet at night in Gareth’s bed, but Lynet
doesn’t want them to do so before marriage and makes a knight visiting the two of
then in middle of the night and to make Gareth fighting with him. Gareth kills the
knight and he gets hurt too, so that Lynet appears and heal the both of them by way of
her witchcraft.

(23)Because their love is so strong, Lyones and Gareth meet again but are interrupted by
the same knight for the second time, so that Gareth kills him again and throws the
different parts of his body out the windows. In that whole process he looses very much blood and because of Lyones screaming Gringamore and Lynet appear who make Gareth’s and the knights bodies whole again, so that they can move on living.
King Arthur makes a big feast with many different knights. Sir Ironside appears there,
Too and tells Arthur to be send by Beaumains who won the fight against him. Then he
Asks Sir Lancelot and Sir Gawayne to forgive that he ever had enemy against them.

(24) The both of them forgive him and want to know where Sir Gareth could be found, but
Ironside is not able to tell them. King Arthur tells the knights to make all of them
Knights of the Round Table to please Beaumains, when he is back.

(25) The Queen of Orkaney appears while they are eating and asks where to find her son
Gareth, but anyone of them is able to tell her where to find him and they are surprised that they weren’t able to identify Beaumains as her son. Then they talk
about many things that happened to Gareth and that they were really surprised about the fact that he didn’t show any of his richness when he came to Arthur. They agree to find Gareth and continue celebrating after the Queen told them her happiness.

(26) King Arthur wants Lyones to come to the celebration and before she goes there she talks with Gareth about what to do, because he knows that it’s all about him. He doesn’t want her to tell them where to find him, but to invite them to a competition
where the best knight should win Lyones and her land, if he isn’t married. So she rides
there and invites them.
Meanwhile Gareth gets concerned about himself not being able to fight on the
tournament, so that Lynets promises to heal him within 14 days.
Later, the knights arrive there and have to decide if they want to fight on the castle’s or
Arthur’s side.

(27) Then Arthur arrives with his knights and everybody starts to prepare everything.
Before Gareth stars to fight he asks Lynet to make him indefinable by making him
changing his colours all the time. The Lyones gives him her ring that makes him
changing his colour.
Then the tournament begins.

(28) King Arthur arrives with many knights. Beaumains (Gareth) asks his men to not reveal his identity. He is given a magical ring by Lyones which makes him lose no blood [cf. Caliburn’s scabbard] and also changes his colour. This ring also makes Lyones appear more beautiful than she really is – the ring was one from a heathen tyrant by Sir Gringamors. Jousts are commencing.

(29) Jousting continues. (Note: there are apparently TWO Lancelots: ~ du lake and de Galys; Lancelot du lake is the “true” one and will remain unmarked). Gareth unhorses many and cannot be identified due to his ever-changing colour. Arthur wants to send Lancelot against him but L. declines since he suspects his identity (but does not give it away).

(30) Swordfights begin. Launcelot and Beaumains avoid each other. Sir Tristram (B’s side) asks and is told of Beaumains identity. While taking a rest, B. hands the ring to his dwarf and forgets to take it back.

(31) The knight in yellow is now clear to be espied. Arthur sends herolds and his identity is cried out. (His name is written on the helmet [wtf?, NZ]). B. demands back his ring and is unidentifiable again. Gawain chases him to a forest, where B hides and sends his dwarf to Lyones, telling her that he will return. He comes to a castle

(32) He asks for lodging and is eventually admitted but warned of the lord who is an enemy to Arthur. He promises to yield to him if it is to no disadvantage. The lord does not appear and B leaves the next morning. He defeats Sir Bendelain on his travel, killing him, and is attacked by his 20 knights.

(33) The knights cannot kill B and kill his horse. He slays 16, the remaining 4 flee. He takes one of their hoses and meets 30 widows whose husbands were killed by the Brown Knight who is now killed by B. The widows are sent to Arthur. B. encounters the Duke de la Rowse at whose castle he had lodged and defeats him; he is sent to Arthur.

(34) B. is attacked by a knight. Lady Linet appears (now also given the name “Damoisel Savage”) and stops the fighting, revealing that it is Gawain and Gareth his brother. She staunches their wounds and calls for Arthur who comes (on a palfrey?!) with his train. Linet heals the two knights and informs her sister (Lyones)

(35) A marriage between Gareth and Lyones is planned for Mychelmas, at Kynkenadon. They already exchange two rings. In future, Gareth is often seen in Lancelot’s company; he avoids Gawain, though, due to his desire for vengeance.

(36) The Bishop of Canterbury marries Gareth and Lyones; by order of Arthur, Gaherys marries Lynet, Agravayne marries Laurel, a niece of Lyones’. The defeated knights come to Gareth and assume serving positions, the adventures of B. are told. There is jousting but the newly-wed do not participate On three days Sir Lamerak, Sir Tristram and Sir Lancelot defeat 30/40/50. The coloured knights brethren are made knights of the round table and so is the Duke le la Rouse. At the end of jousts, Sir Lamerak and Sir Tristram are suddenly vanished.

2007-08 AM Le Morte Darthur (1485)

2007-11-09T12:34:55Z

Inga: /* Topics */

{|align=right width=40%
!bgcolor=#FFFF80|Dieser Kurs in das sogenannte Aquarium A10 1-121a verlegt.
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denkt über mögliche Arbeitsthemen nach, notiert sie, setzt Eure Namen dahinter (vier Tilden <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki> und das Wiki macht daraus eine Unterschrift)
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Übliche Freitag Abende: 20:00, nach dem Seminar, Tannenkampstr. 12, Wochenausklang dieses Semester mit Tafelrunde und Artus-Filmen. Wäre nett, wenn Ihr mir bei der Filmbeschaffung helfen wolltet. --[[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]] 14:38, 4 November 2007 (CET)
|}
* '''Time:''' Fridays 4-6 pm
* '''Place:''' A10 1-121a
* '''Contact:''' [[User:Olaf Simons|Olaf Simons]]

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The legendary King Arthur, the mysteries around his sword Excalibur, the stories of his quasi democratic Round Table, Arthur's tragic struggle between love, treason and an all too powerful enemy invading the British Isles have inspired the European audience at least since the early 12th century. The wave of Provencal, Middle High German and Middle English versified Arthurian romances composed around 1200 merged into the production of the first modern European prose romances in the 15th century which culminated - another century later - in the ''Amadis'', the "arch romance" devoured by ''Don Quixote''. The 17th and 18th centuries distanced themselves both from the erroneous histories related here and from the genre of romances they had inspired. A new interest arose at the beginning of the 19th century with the new nationalism of the age, its self proclaimed "romanticism", its quest for lost identities one could hope to find in the "dark ages". A rediscovery of "medieval" texts followed in which the Arthurian world offered the most interesting mythical images; it is today omnipresent as a cultural phenomenon with a mass production of fantasy novels, video games and movies.

The course will focus on William Caxton's edition of Sir Thomas Malroy's ''Le Morte Darthur'' first published in 1485 - most certainly not the elegant, witty and beautiful reading earlier versified romances provided, yet the text which most effectively compiled the plots of the preceding romantic production.

Why was there an audience for this book at the "beginning" of the "Modern Period"? How did it relate to the preceding production of romances and histories? How does it compare to the fashionable ''Amadis'' the next century was to love so much? How does it read within the context of the 19th and 20th century renaissance of the Arthurian world? The course will offer a cultural history of the text and its fictional world.

==Oct 26 2007: Introduction==
Brainstorming. Who needs what? Who is going to conclude this course with a piece of written work? Introduction History of Malory's Book.

==Nov 2, 2007: Reading into the (peculiar) text ==
Discussion of seminar topics - and advice to claim and specify them in the section bellow. We read into ''Le Morte Darthur'', Caxton's preface and chapters 1-3. Concepts of history, aspects of fatalism. Also: Great vowel shift and Caxton's spelling.

==Nov 9, 2007: Caxton's Book 1==
'''Homework:''' Read Book one. Seminar discussion: Arthur's dubious birth, miracles, reading experiences. Also: comparison with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knights_of_the_Round_Table_%28film%29 ''Knights of the Round Table'' (1953)], the movie we eventually watched.

==Nov 16, 2007 ==

==Nov 23, 2007 ==

==Nov 30, 2007 ==

==Dec 7, 2007 ==

==Dec 14, 2007 ==

==Dec 21, 2007 ==

==Jan 11, 2007 ==

==Jan 18, 2008 ==

==Jan 25, 2008 ==

==Feb 1, 2008 ==

==Feb 6, 2008 ==

===Topics===

Those who are planning to join the seminar may contribute thoughts on what they'd like to do in the following list:

* Sources in Europe's mythology and history
* Foreshadowings - a world of predetermination [[User:Katharina K.|Katharina K.]] 21:31, 8 November 2007 (CET)
* Family ties
* Justice [[User:Johanna Ehrhardt|Johanna Ehrhardt]] 12:39, 9 November 2007 (CET) Johanna Ehrhardt
* The use of repetitive patterns
* Who has to solve the problem? - special and normal quests
* Plot constructions
* The renaissance of chivalry at the beginning of the modern era
* Love and gender relations
* Miracles and the Arthurian World
* Politics
* Marriage and fidelity[[User:Freya|Freya]] 09:06, 7 November 2007 (CET)
* The legitimation of violence [[User:Inga|Inga]] 13:34, 9 November 2007 (CET)
* The legitimation of power
* Christianity--An add-on to the story or an inert part of it? Christian Schultz-Brummer[[User:Nahl3372|Nahl3372]] 18:05, 7 November 2007 (CET)
* The text which shaped our view of the medieval world: Malory's King Arthur and Mark Twain's ''Connecticut Yankee at King Arthur's Court'' (1889)
* From Fantasy to video game Arthur's table round in modern culture (see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Arthur_in_various_media en.wikipedia.org] for modern adaptations of the sujet)
* King Arthur and the Amadis
* The presence of the Arthurian world in the world of chap books
* Individual ideas on Malory's ''King Arthur'' and modern versions and adaptations - be creative, propose topics and we will think about them

===Texts===

First of all: Read a German translation if you feel lost - I began my life with Middle English texts with a reading of Chaucer in German, which I then, a week later, combined with a second reading of the original. I read the original Chaucer aloud to get into the funny language (fill in your Plattdeutsch that helps), with the German text still in my mind I had little problems with the original and soon realised that I could from now onwards read such stuff without reading a German text before.

As to the English texts:

Malory's original manuscript is lost. For more than 400 years the edition Caxton had published in 1485 was the authoritative source. In 1934 the Winchester manuscript was discovered - a text between Malory's and Caxton's text. Traces of Caxton's ink have been found on the manuscript's leafs, Caxton knew the Winchester volume, he did, however, base his own edition on another, lost manuscript.

Modern scholarship has focused on the Winchester manuscript as the better text. The Norton Critical edition - it cost me 16 Euro a couple of months ago - is based on the Winchester manuscript; it includes, however, passages from Caxton's wherever his version is more detailed. The aim is a reconstruction of what might have been Malory's text, a text without omissions. The Norton edition is well commented and equipped with an extensive dictionary as well as a choice of critical articles. It does finally offer the most important sources Malory exploited. The Norton edition is my recommendation for all of you who like to work with a fully commented scientific edition.

I myself am more interested in Caxton's fist edition as published in 1485 and offered by EEBO - the text is, however, difficult to read:

* [http://eebo.chadwyck.com/search/full_rec?SOURCE=pgimages.cfg&ACTION=ByID&ID=22102180&FILE=../session/1183624385_29976&SEARCHSCREEN=CITATIONS&SEARCHCONFIG=config.cfg&DISPLAY=ALPHA Sir Thomas Malory, ''Le Morte Darthur'' (London: William Caxton, 1485)]

To facilitate things I offer an html-edition of the same text (scroll down a bit to get beyond the reproduction of the first page):

*[http://www.pierre-marteau.com/editions/1485-morte-darthur.html Sir Thomas Malory, ''Le Morte Darthur'' (1485) html-text of Caxton's edition]

My impression is that Caxton's is the easier text to read. The publisher focused on the plot, he lost some of the descriptions and he omitted some of the author's self referential remarks. Yet he structured his text and produced a straight forward version. My html-edition (also available as a word-file) is a simple transcript to be read with an additional list of difficult words to be found at [[Le Morte Darthur (1485):Dictionary]] - expand this list, wherever you miss words. I have contacted the Druckzentrum and they promised to provide a print-version of my Caxton html-edition by September. Contact me if you want to start your reading earlier and if you want to read the Caxton text. I will try to provide provisional copies in that case. We should also open Wiki-space at [[Le Morte Darthur (1485): Protagonists]] - for a who is who?

===Literature===

*Eugéne Vinaver, ''Malory'' (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1929).

*Bennett, J. A. W. (ed.), ''Essays on Malory'' (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1963).

*Moorman, Charles, ''The Book of King Arthur. The Unity of Malory’s Morte Darthur'' (University of Kentucky Press, 1965).

*Matthews, William, ''The Ill-Famed Knight. A sceptical inquiry into the Identity of Thomas Malory'' (Berkeley/ Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1966).

*Lambert, Mark, ''Malory. Style and Vision in Le Morte Darthur'' (New Haven/ London: Yale University Press, 1975).

*Benson, Larry D., ''Malory’s Morte Darthur'' (Cambridge, Mass./ London: Harvard University Press, 1976). 289 pp.

*Dillon, Bert, ''A Malory Handbook'' (Boston, Mass., G. K. Hall & Co., 1978).

*Ihle, Sandra Ness, ''Malory’s Grail Quest. Invention and Adaptation in Medieval Romance'' (The University of Wisconsin Press, 1983).

*Whitaker, Muriel, ''Arthur’s Kingdom of Adventure. The World of Malory’s Morte Darthur'' (Woodbridge: D. S. Brewer/ Barnes and Noble, 1984).

*Spisak, James W. (ed.), ''Studies in Malory'' (Kalamazoo, Michigan: Medieval Institute Publications western Michigan University, 1985).

*Jackson Parins, Marylyn, ''Malory the Cristical Heritage'' (London/ New York: Routledge, 1988).

*McCarthy, Terence, ''Reading the Morte Darthur'' [= ''Arthurian Studies'', XX] (Woodbridge: D. S. Brewer, 1988), 187 pp. third edition with new title: ''An Introduction to Malory'' [= ''Arthurian Studies'', XX] (Woodbridge: D. S. Brewer, 1996), 176 pp.

*Takamiya, Toshiyuki/ Brewer, Derek (eds.), ''Aspects of Malory'' (Woodbridge: D.S. Brewer/ Rowman & Littlefield, 1991).

*Field, P. J. C., ''The Life an Times of Sir Thomas Malory'' [= ''Arthurian Studies'', XXIX] (Woodbridge: D. S. Brewer, 1993), 218 pp.

*Archibald, Elizabeth/ Edwards A. S. G. (eds.), ''A Companion to Malory'' (Woodbridge: D. S. Brewer, 1996), 252 pp. + Appendix

*Kraemer, Alfred Robert, ''Mallory’s Grail Seekers and Fifteenth-Century English Hagiography'' (New York: Peter Lang, 1999). 105 pp. + Notes

*Field, P. J. C., ''Malory: Texts and Sources'' [= ''Arthurian Studies'', XL] (Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 1998), 313 pp.

===Links===
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Malory en.wikipedia.org: Thomas Malory]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Morte_d%27Arthur en.wikipedia.org: Le Morte d'Arthur]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Arthur en.wikipedia.org: King Arthur]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Arthur_in_various_media en.wikipedia.org: King Arthur in various media]
*[[King Arthur: Films]]

[[Category:Winter 2007-2008]]
[[Category:Aufbaumodul]]