Drama I: Shakespeare - Revision history

Anton Kirchhofer: /* Publication vs. Performance */

2007-12-11T13:08:20Z

Publication vs. Performance

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	*Only about half of Shakespeares plays were published individually during his life-time (the Quarto editions).		*Only about half of Shakespeares plays were published individually during his life-time (the Quarto editions).
	*The first edition of Shakespeare's Works (the Folio edition) was published in 1623, seven years after his death.		*The first edition of Shakespeare's Works (the Folio edition) was published in 1623, seven years after his death.


			*http://www.uni-oldenburg.de/anglistik/lit-wiss/intro-to-literature/d/1608_shakespeare__king_lear.pdf
			*http://www.uni-oldenburg.de/anglistik/lit-wiss/intro-to-literature/d/1623_shakespeare__folio_king_lear.pdf

	==Example King Lear : A Survey of the Plot==		==Example King Lear : A Survey of the Plot==

Anton Kirchhofer: /* Shakespeare and Literature */

2007-12-11T13:06:48Z

Shakespeare and Literature

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	::And Macbeth contrived to kill Duncan and through the persuasion of his wife did that night murder the King in his own castle, being his guest; and there were many prodigies seen that night and the day before. And when Macbeth had murdered the king, the blood on his hands could not be washed off by any means, nor from his wives hands, which handed the bloody daggers in hiding them, which by means they became both much amazed and affronted. The murder being known, Duncan's two sons fled, the one to England, the other to Wales, to save themselves. They being fled, they were supposed guilty of the murder of their father, which was nothing so.		::And Macbeth contrived to kill Duncan and through the persuasion of his wife did that night murder the King in his own castle, being his guest; and there were many prodigies seen that night and the day before. And when Macbeth had murdered the king, the blood on his hands could not be washed off by any means, nor from his wives hands, which handed the bloody daggers in hiding them, which by means they became both much amazed and affronted. The murder being known, Duncan's two sons fled, the one to England, the other to Wales, to save themselves. They being fled, they were supposed guilty of the murder of their father, which was nothing so.
	::Then was Macbeth crowned kings; and then he, for fear of Banquo, his old companion, that he should beget kings but be no king himself, he contrived the death of Banquo, and caused him to be murdered on his way as he rode. The next night, being at supper with his noble men whom he had to bid to a feast, to the which also Banquo should have come, he began to speak of noble Banquo, and to wish that he were there. And as he did thus, standing up to drink a carouse to him, the ghost of Banquo came and sat down in his chair behind him. And he, turning about to sit down again, saw the ghost of Banquo, which fronted him so, that he fell into a great passion of fear and fury, uttering many words about his murder, by which, when they hard that Banquo was murdered, they suspected Macbeth. Then MackDove fled to England to the kinges sonn, and soon they raised an army and cam to Scotland, and at Dunstonanse overthrue Macbeth. In the meantime, while MacDove was in England, Macbeth slew MackDove's wife and children, and after in the battle MackDove slewe Macbeth. Observe also how Macbeth's queen did rise in the night in her sleep, and walked and talked and confessed all, and the doctor noted her words.		::Then was Macbeth crowned kings; and then he, for fear of Banquo, his old companion, that he should beget kings but be no king himself, he contrived the death of Banquo, and caused him to be murdered on his way as he rode. The next night, being at supper with his noble men whom he had to bid to a feast, to the which also Banquo should have come, he began to speak of noble Banquo, and to wish that he were there. And as he did thus, standing up to drink a carouse to him, the ghost of Banquo came and sat down in his chair behind him. And he, turning about to sit down again, saw the ghost of Banquo, which fronted him so, that he fell into a great passion of fear and fury, uttering many words about his murder, by which, when they hard that Banquo was murdered, they suspected Macbeth. Then MackDove fled to England to the kinges sonn, and soon they raised an army and cam to Scotland, and at Dunstonanse overthrue Macbeth. In the meantime, while MacDove was in England, Macbeth slew MackDove's wife and children, and after in the battle MackDove slewe Macbeth. Observe also how Macbeth's queen did rise in the night in her sleep, and walked and talked and confessed all, and the doctor noted her words.
	[[http://shakespeare.about.com/library/weekly/aa062200b.htm Source: Dr. Simon Forman's Diary at http://shakespeare.about.com]]		:::::[[http://shakespeare.about.com/library/weekly/aa062200b.htm Source: Dr. Simon Forman's Diary at http://shakespeare.about.com]]



	===Shakespeare's status as an author===		===Shakespeare's status as an author===

Anton Kirchhofer at 13:06, 11 December 2007

2007-12-11T13:06:14Z

@@ Line 249: / Line 249: @@
-c: philological efforts.
+*19c: philological efforts.
-First half: 3 Variorum editions (recording all known variants and giving the various editors' arguments and textual explanations)
+::First half: 3 Variorum editions (recording all known variants and giving the various editors' arguments and textual explanations)
-Steevens. 1803  1st Variorum,  1813 Second Variorum.
+::*Steevens. 1803  1st Variorum,  1813 Second Variorum.
-Edward Malone third Variorum (1821)
+::*Edward Malone third Variorum (1821)
--66 Cambridge Shakespeare, new editorial principle: only Folio and Quartos (which are divided into good, bad and doubtful)
+*1863-66 Cambridge Shakespeare, new editorial principle: only Folio and Quartos (which are divided into good, bad and doubtful)
-The conflated text
+*The tradition of the conflated text.
-From 1890s: First Arden edition, editions of single works.
+*From 1890s: First Arden edition, editions of single works.
-Since the early 1980s: strong criticism of the "conflated texts"
+*Since the early 1980s: strong criticism of the "conflated texts"
-(Randall McLeod, "Un Editing Shakespeare", ''Sub-Stance'' 33/34 (1982): 26-55.
+::*(Randall McLeod, "Un Editing Shakespeare", ''Sub-Stance'' 33/34 (1982): 26-55.
-Gary Taylor and Michael Warren, eds. ''The Division of the Kingdoms: Shakespeare's Two versions of'' King Lear. Oxford, 1983)
+::*Gary Taylor and Michael Warren, eds. ''The Division of the Kingdoms: Shakespeare's Two versions of'' King Lear. Oxford, 1983)
-Gary Taylor, ''Inventing Shakespeare'', ''Deutsche Shakespeare-Gesellschaft West Jahrbuch 1986: 26-44.
+::*Gary Taylor, ''Inventing Shakespeare'', ''Deutsche Shakespeare-Gesellschaft West Jahrbuch 1986: 26-44.
@@ Line 285: / Line 285: @@
 :*Permanent Shakespeare performances at Stratford.
-In relation to sh., two views coexist in both scholarly and in wider cultural perspectives:
+Locate contemporary editions (EEBO) and compare them to later printed editions (act and scene divisions, stage directions, asides, title-pages, the text itself).
-This has generated a some recurring questions and points of reference, o fwhich it is useful to be aware:
+Be aware of the problematic aspects in the construction of the period.
-Received Notions about Elizabethan Drama.
+Be attentive to the signs for different contexts and uses which you may discern in each text.
-Shakespeare greatest English author, popular, courtly author,
+Look at the tradition of interpretation and performance.
-"Shakespeare does it best",
+Look at characters, conflicts, information management,

Anton Kirchhofer: /* The Tradition of Shakespeare criticism */

2007-12-11T13:00:47Z

The Tradition of Shakespeare criticism

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	*17c: very little		*17c: very little
	*18c: the editors' prefaces, later journals and magazines		*18c: the editors' prefaces, later journals and magazines
	19c: great critics: S.T. Coleridge, Charles Lamb, William Hazlitt …		*19c: great critics: S.T. Coleridge, Charles Lamb, William Hazlitt …
	20c: Shakespeare is the most written about English poet. Hundreds of new publications appear every year (scholarly shakiespeare industry)		*20c: Shakespeare is the most written about English poet. Hundreds of new publications appear every year (scholarly shakiespeare industry)

	===The Shakespeare Industry===		===The Shakespeare Industry===

Anton Kirchhofer: /* The Shakespeare Industry */

2007-12-11T13:00:31Z

The Shakespeare Industry

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	===The Shakespeare Industry===		===The Shakespeare Industry===

	From 1760s: Shakespeare cult, birthplace, stratford.		:*From 1760s: Shakespeare cult, birthplace, stratford.

	1807, reprinted frequently: Thomas Bowdler, The Family Shakespeare ("in which nothing is added to the original; but those words and expressions are omitted which cannot with propriety be read in a family").		:*1807, reprinted frequently: Thomas Bowdler, The Family Shakespeare ("in which nothing is added to the original; but those words and expressions are omitted which cannot with propriety be read in a family").

	"Victorian bardolatry."		*:"Victorian bardolatry":

	Permanent Shakespeare performances at Stratford.		:*Permanent Shakespeare performances at Stratford.

	==Argument 7: The Elizabethan drama prospered both as a popular urban and as a prestigious courtly entertainment==		==Argument 7: The Elizabethan drama prospered both as a popular urban and as a prestigious courtly entertainment==

Anton Kirchhofer: /* The Tradition of Shakespeare criticism */

2007-12-11T12:59:54Z

The Tradition of Shakespeare criticism

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	===The Tradition of Shakespeare criticism===		===The Tradition of Shakespeare criticism===
	17c: very little		:::Cf. Brian Vickers, ed. ''Shakespeare : the critical heritage''. 4 vols. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1974 - 1976.
	18c: the editors' prefaces, later journals and magazines		*17c: very little
			*18c: the editors' prefaces, later journals and magazines
	19c: great critics: S.T. Coleridge, Charles Lamb, William Hazlitt …		19c: great critics: S.T. Coleridge, Charles Lamb, William Hazlitt …
	20c: Shakespeare is the most written about English poet. Hundreds of new publications appear every year (scholarly shakiespeare industry)		20c: Shakespeare is the most written about English poet. Hundreds of new publications appear every year (scholarly shakiespeare industry)


	===The Shakespeare Industry===		===The Shakespeare Industry===

Anton Kirchhofer: /* Fiction vs. Drama: Separate Histories */

2007-12-11T12:56:52Z

Fiction vs. Drama: Separate Histories

← Older revision	Revision as of 14:56, 11 December 2007
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		*The role of stage censorship. Censorship of print publications ends in 1694. Censorship of the stage is introduced in 1737 and lasts until 1968

Anton Kirchhofer: /* A Look at the Different Cultural Traditions about Shakespeare */

2007-12-11T12:56:06Z

A Look at the Different Cultural Traditions about Shakespeare

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	===The Tradition of Shakespeare criticism===		===The Tradition of Shakespeare criticism===
	17c: very little		17c: very little
	18c: prefaces, later journals and magazines		18c: the editors' prefaces, later journals and magazines
	19c: great critics: S.T. Coleridge, Charles Lamb, William Hazlitt …		19c: great critics: S.T. Coleridge, Charles Lamb, William Hazlitt …
			20c: Shakespeare is the most written about English poet. Hundreds of new publications appear every year (scholarly shakiespeare industry)


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	From 1760s: Shakespeare cult, birthplace, stratford.		From 1760s: Shakespeare cult, birthplace, stratford.

	1807 ~~und häufig wieder aufgelegt~~: Thomas Bowdler, The Family Shakespeare ("in which nothing is added to the original; but those words and expressions are omitted which cannot with propriety be read in a family").		1807, reprinted frequently: Thomas Bowdler, The Family Shakespeare ("in which nothing is added to the original; but those words and expressions are omitted which cannot with propriety be read in a family").

	~~Victorian bardolatry.~~



	~~Print culture, Market oriented, public sphere~~
	~~Vs.~~
	~~Performance, spectacle, which creates a set of roles not only for actors but also for audience.~~
	~~A matter for the authorities to supervise. A place to meet, site of disorderly conduct (prostitution / selling oranges etc.). A place for interacting.~~
	~~A place that is organised by and reflects class distinctions.~~
	~~The existence of stage censorship.~~
	~~Censorship of print publications ends in 1694 (??)~~
	~~Censorship of the stage is introduced in 1737 and lasts until 1968~~

			"Victorian bardolatry."

			Permanent Shakespeare performances at Stratford.

	==Argument 7: The Elizabethan drama prospered both as a popular urban and as a prestigious courtly entertainment==		==Argument 7: The Elizabethan drama prospered both as a popular urban and as a prestigious courtly entertainment==

Anton Kirchhofer: /* The Tradition of Shakespeare performance and Acting editions */

2007-12-11T12:52:30Z

The Tradition of Shakespeare performance and Acting editions

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:52, 11 December 2007
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	~~Bilder historischer KL Aufführungen sind schlecht zu bekommen, indes geben sicher die Gemälde einen Eindruck davon, was man auf Bühnen wohl versuchte.~~
	~~----~~

	~~http://www.peopleplayuk.org.uk/images/objects/cropped2/700/sch200305141429-004.jpg~~

	~~1999, the RSC engaged in its first international collaboration, working with the Japanese theatre director Yukio Ninagawa~~

	----		----
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			http://www.peopleplayuk.org.uk/images/objects/cropped2/700/sch200305141429-004.jpg

	~~20c Jan Kott: Shakespeare~~ in ~~our time. King Lear and Samuel Beckett's plays.~~		1999, the RSC engaged in its first international collaboration, working with the Japanese theatre director Yukio Ninagawa

	~~Received Idea: Each time makes~~ its ~~own Shakespeare~~






			20c Jan Kott: Shakespeare in our time. King Lear and Samuel Beckett's plays.

			Received Idea: Each time makes its own Shakespeare

	===The interest in Shakespeare's person starts in the 18th century===		===The interest in Shakespeare's person starts in the 18th century===

Anton Kirchhofer at 12:51, 11 December 2007

2007-12-11T12:51:38Z

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 *The first edition of Shakespeare's Works (the Folio edition) was published in 1623, seven years after his death.
-==King Lear : A Survey of the Plot==
+==Example King Lear : A Survey of the Plot==
 Two Parallel and interlinked plots
@@ Line 154: / Line 154: @@
 ===The Tradition of Shakespeare performance and Acting editions===
-Late eighteenth century to 1820 Ban on performing King Lear, because of the 'Madness of King George III'.
+Early 19c: return to "originals": the original ending is restored on stage(1838), major concern with historically accurate costumes.
 c Jan Kott: Shakespeare in our time. King Lear and Samuel Beckett's plays.
@@ Line 198: / Line 242: @@
 ===The Tradition of Shakespeare editing===
-c: 4 folios
+*17c: 4 folios
 c: rival editors, who produce editions of Shakespeare's works according to their own best judgment
-NICHOLAS ROWE (1709)
+:::NICHOLAS ROWE (1709)
-Alexander POPE (1725)
+:::Alexander POPE (1725)
-Lewis Theobald (1733)
+:::Lewis Theobald (1733)
-Thomas Hanmer (1744)
+:::Thomas Hanmer (1744)
-Warburton (1747)
+:::Thomas Warburton (1747)
-Samuel Johnson (1765)
+:::Samuel Johnson (1765)
 …
 c: philological efforts.